The Rise of Sectionalism

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Presentation transcript:

The Rise of Sectionalism American Growing pains 1820-1860

Politics: “ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS” James Monroe - President (1817-1825) John Quincy Adams John Calhoun Nationalism Economic Sectionalism Pojer; http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/special_features/image_bank_US/1804_1840.html President James Monroe Sec. of State J.Q. Adams

NATIONALISM IN FOREIGN AFFAIRS The Monroe Doctrine (1823) The US to declare the Americas off-limits to Europe. A continuation of the neutrality and isolationist policies established by Washington. US will protect the Americas---new countries which formed in Central and South America No European Colonization in the Americas US will recognize existing European Colonies US will not meddle in European affairs Pojer Monroe Doctrine Dec 1823

I. Sectionalism Defined Devotion to the interests and needs of a particular state or section of the country. North Vs South Vs West

II. Sectional differences after 1820 America grew in 4 distinct ways after 1820 Geographically, Culturally, Population, Economically B. Rivalry became intense (economic) C. Made a civil war possible

US Population Density 1810 1820

III. Economic Interests of the North Rise of Manufacturing Good Economy = more $ to invest abundant supply of labor cheap power New Markets North adopted the following policies High protective tariffs Wanted National Bank Favored internal improvements Northerners supported westward expansion Land in north was high priced Business owners feared losing labor Immigrants could not buy land

Rating the North & the South

Railroads in the north

ECONOMIC & DEMOGRAPHIC EXPANSION “internal improvements” Henry Clay – “American System” Tariff of 1816 - protective Second Bank of the U. S. Internal improvements at federal expense. National Road http://www.galafilm.com/1812/e/catalogues/peop_clay.html Roads: Faragher, Out of Many, 3rd Ed.; http://wps.prenhall.com/hss_faragher_outofmany_ap/ SECTIONAL IMPLICATIONS? WEST  got roads, canals, and federal aid EAST  protective tariffs (w/ support from the West) SOUTH  ?? Major Migration Routes, 1800–1820

Resources: North & the South

IV. Economic Interests of the South Expansion of cotton production Cotton Gin Helped Admission of new states Use of slave labor British textile mills demanded more cotton South adopted the following policies Low protective tariff Against national bank Against internal improvements In favor of territorial expansion In favor of cheap public land

Concentration of Slavery, 1820

V. Economic Interests of the West Made Possible by Westward Expansion By 1850 ½ population lived in “west” New immigrants populated (germany) Internal Improvements Helped West Adopted the following policies In favor of cheap public land In favor of protective tariff In favor of internal improvements Against national bank Advocated Immigration