DementiaBank Progress and Future Plans Michelle S. Bourgeois, PhD, CCC-SLP University of South Florida msbourgeois@usf.edu

Project Description: Pitt Corpus https://dementia.talkbank.org/ The transcripts and audio files were gathered as part of a larger protocol administered by the Alzheimer and Related Dementias Study at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. The original acquisition of the DementiaBank data was supported by NIH grants AG005133 and AG003705 to the University of Pittsburgh, and NIH- NIDCD grant R01-DC008524 for 2007-2017 to Carnegie Mellon University. Participants included elderly controls, people with probable and possible Alzheimer’s Disease, and people with other dementia diagnoses. Data were gathered longitudinally, on a yearly basis. Demographic data and test results from the rest of the protocol that was administered to all participants are included on the Data Spreadsheet for the Pitt Corpus available from the DementiaBank homepage.

104 controls, 208 dementia, 85 unknown diagnosis Participants: 104 controls, 208 dementia, 85 unknown diagnosis Type of Study: Longitudinal neuropsychological assessments Location: USA Media type: audio Becker, J. T., Boller, F., Lopez, O. L., Saxton, J., & McGonigle, K. L. (1994). The natural history of Alzheimer's disease: description of study cohort and accuracy of diagnosis. Archives of Neurology, 51(6), 585-594.

Tasks in the Alzheimer and Related Dementias Study protocol Cookie Theft Picture Description Repeat sentences after investigator  He is fishing with George.  Why don’t you give them some candy?  How many…  days in a year?  inches in a foot?  eggs in a dozen?  senators to a state?  ounces in a pound?  Word fluency  Name any thing you can find in a supermarket. (Timed)  Name all the items I (investigator) am wearing.  Things that begin with the letter “F” Yes/No Questions (from Western Aphasia Battery)  Is your name Smith (Brown, Matthews)?  Do you live in Toronto (Pittsburgh, Windsor)?  Are you a woman (man)?  Are the lights on?  Is the door closed?  Do you eat a banana before you peel it?  Name the item that…  you use to drink coffee/tea.  you use to fix your hair.  you use to tell the time. What do you do with…  a razor?  soap?  a pencil?  Read given sentences Name the word that is being described  A prickly plant in the desert  An item used to hit a tennis ball  etc.

How are the following words alike How are the following words alike?  Apple/banana (& Are these words names of fruits or animals?)  Coat/suit (& Are these words names of clothing or fruit?)  Tell me a short, simple sentence using the given word(s)  Pencil  Child/hospital  Name the word that does not belong  Dog, cat, car  Fish, car, train  Boy, door, man Recall a story – Immediate and Delayed and Probe Questions  Sometimes the story is about a July 4th event with Uncle Bill and John fishing;  sometimes it’s about Thanksgiving with George, Melanie, and a trip to the city. Does this sentence make sense? (If not, tell me why or correct the sentence.)  He drank some coffee.  Where's in the package?  I’m not as tall am I am. Name the item (picture)  Maze  Toboggan 

Media and Transcript Database Audio files were managed via Adobe Soundbooth software; From 2008-2018 ~100 volunteer undergraduate students from the Ohio State University and University of South Florida clipped audio segments from each file and transcribed them using the CLAN program and CHAT coding conventions. Students’ transcriptions were checked for reliability within the lab (minimun 85% agreement); then linked to the audio file. Transcripts were uploaded to Davida Fromm, TalkBank, who re-checked reliability and made corrections to the coding. Transcripts and linked audio files were uploaded to DementiaBank.

Protocol Tasks transcribed A. Cookie  These are responses to the Cookie Theft stimulus photo for the Control group and the Dementia group. B. Fluency  These are responses to the Word Fluency task for the Dementia group only. These audio files have been transcribed by undergraduate student volunteers. The CHAT transcripts are in the process of being reviewed by an experienced transcriber (July 2016). C. Recall  These are responses to the Story Recall task for the Dementia group only. These audio files have been transcribed by undergraduate student volunteers. The CHAT transcripts have not been reviewed by an experienced transcriber and should be considered rough first drafts. D. Sentence  These are responses to the Sentence Construction task for the Dementia group only.

  Dementia Cookie Theft Word Fluency Sentence Recall Sentence Construction Control Cookie Theft Visit - 0 143 105 117 109 54 Visit - 1 56 41 48 40 Visit - 2 23 17 19 37 Visit - 3 9 8 21 Visit - 4 1 -- 4 Total 232 171 192 174 170

All of the current samples on DementiaBank. Corpus................... Description Contributor English Holland Two individuals with Alzheimer's disease -- language tasks from a Telerounds presentation. Audrey Holland English Kempler Six individuals with Alzheimer's disease -- conversation and Cookie Theft picture descriptions. Dan Kempler English Lanzi Six individuals with mild neurocognitive disorder -- semi-structured interviews 1.5 years after group external memory aid treatment. Alyssa Lanzi English Pitt Dementia and control data for four language tasks from a large longitudinal study. Francois Boller and James Becker English PPA DePaul Primary Progressive Aphasia longitudinal data -- 1 participant Roxanne DePaul English PPA Hopkins Primary Progressive Aphasia data Argye Hillis German PPA Fedor Jalvingh Mandarin_Lu Dementia data -- 52 participants. Ching-ching Lu Spanish PerLA Dementia data -- 21 individuals with Alzheimer's disease. José Luis Mantero and Beatriz Gallardo-Pauls Taiwanese_Lu Dementia data -- 16 participants.

Use of the DementiaBank data 161 DementiaBank Members from 30 countries Publications and Presentations 84 total to date Publications and Conference Proceedings: 74 Dissertation: 1 Master’s theses: 2 Undergraduate theses: 3 Posters: 4

Conference posters using DementiaBank data Year - Conference Authors Title 2019 - Society for Personality and Social Psychology Williams & Ireland Linguistic cues to dementia in spontaneous speech: A dictionary-based analysis 2018 - CAC Sung, Lee, DeDe, Oh, Shin, & Lee Semantic-phonemic discrepancy and its changes over time in Alzheimer's disease: Evidence from clustering and switching analyses 2017 - Academy of Aphasia Van der Woude, Faroqi-Shah, Ficek, Webster, & Tsapkini Connected language in Primary Progressive Aphasia: Testing the utility of linguistic measures in differentially diagnosing PPA and its variants 2017 - AAIC Field, Masrani, Murray & Carenini Automatic detection of Alzheimer's from speech using spatial neglect markers 2017 - ASHA DePaul, Busch, & Alfredson Semantic Feature Analysis treatment using Spaced Retrieval in a case of semantic PPA Lanzi, Lyndsay, & Bourgeois Verbal fluency in dementia: Changes over time

Future Directions Limitation of current data set Outdated Diagnostic parameters Only Ad-probable, AD-possible, MCI. Collection of new data Define new dementia patient populations Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA; 3 subtypes), Frontotemporal (FTD), Lewy Body dementia, Parkinson’s dementia, Huntington’s dementia, LATE (TDP-43 protein) Development of new Protocol Consensus conference to develop common protocol Develop Training/reliability procedures Download new data for analysis