Comparison between patient-controlled analgesia and subcutaneous morphine in elderly patients after total hip replacement†  H. Keïta, N. Geachan, S. Dahmani,

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Comparison between patient-controlled analgesia and subcutaneous morphine in elderly patients after total hip replacement†  H. Keïta, N. Geachan, S. Dahmani, E. Couderc, C. Armand, M. Quazza, J. Mantz, J.M. Desmonts  British Journal of Anaesthesia  Volume 90, Issue 1, Pages 53-57 (January 2003) DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeg019 Copyright © 2003 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Comparison of visual analogue scale (VAS) at rest (VAS-R) and with movement (VAS-M) for the two groups at 24 h and 48 h. The boxes represent 25th–75th percentiles; the dark line is the median; the extended bars represent the 10th–90th percentiles, and the circles represent values outside this range. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) provided significantly better pain relief than did s.c. morphine (SC). *P<0.05; **P<0.001; Mann–Whitney U-test. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2003 90, 53-57DOI: (10.1093/bja/aeg019) Copyright © 2003 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Mini Mental Status (MMS) scores during the postoperative period. The boxes represent 25th–75th percentiles; the dark line is the median; the extended bars represent the 10th–90th percentiles, and the circles represent values outside this range. There was no significant difference between the two groups (Mann–Whitney U-test). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2003 90, 53-57DOI: (10.1093/bja/aeg019) Copyright © 2003 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions