U.S. Department of Energys Office of Science Distributed Science at Department of Energy Dan Hitchcock 8/16/2005

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 2 The Office of Science is the primary source of support for the Physical Sciences. Provides over 40% of federal support to the physical sciences (e.g. 90% of High Energy & Nuclear Physics, 60% of Catalysis, 25% of Nanoscience) Provides sole support to select sub-fields (e.g. nuclear medicine, heavy element chemistry, magnetic fusion) Manages long term, high risk, multidisciplinary science programs to support DOE missions. Directly supports the research of 15,000 PhDs, PostDocs and Graduate Students. Constructs and operates large scientific facilities for the U.S. scientific community. Accelerators, light & neutron sources, nanotechnology research centers. Used by more than 19,000 researchers every year. Infrastructure support for ten Science laboratories. What is the Office of Science?

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 3 Office of Science Vision National Security, a Clean Environment & Energy Security Through Basic Research Begin construction of ITER to demonstrate the feasibility of fusion energy. Improved hydrogen production, storage, and use New materials for lighter weight vehicles, more efficient engines, more efficient photovoltaic cells. Harnessing microbes, microbial communities, and other organisms to produce energy, sequester carbon, and remediate hazardous waste sites. Scientific Discovery Through 21st Century Computation Revolutionary New Materials Through Nanoscience Five Nanoscale Research Centers linked to large scientific research instruments at the DOE National Labs to enable: -High Efficiency energy storage & conversion. -Miniature sensors. -Nanocatalysts with enhanced specificity and reactivity. -Novel materials that are light weight, strong and conductive. -Low cost, high- efficiency photovoltaic cells. -Low activation materials for high- temperature applications Uncovering the Origins of Time and Matter Understand the origins of the Universe: - Mass -Accelerating Universe/Dark energy -Dark Matter -Dominance of Matter over Anti-matter -Gravity Create the quark- gluon plasma that existed immediately after the Big Bang, providing fundamental insights into the evolution of the early universe. Understand the nature of Quarks and Gluons: internal structure of protons and neutrons. Tomorrows Science and Technology Capabilities Spallation Neutron Source: improved materials. Hands-on experience in science and math research for K-14 teachers; enhancement of the diversity of the scientific workforce. Protein Production and Tags Facility: mass produce proteins from microbial genomes, identify and tag them to harness microbes for DOE missions, e.g.: hydrogen production, carbon sequestration, bioremediation. Linac Coherent Light Source: Stop action imaging of chemical reactions; structure determination of single molecules. Develop computer architectures and leadership class machines that will dramatically improve hardware performance on DOE scientific problems. Develop scientific simulation codes to fully exploit the capabilities of terascale computers for DOE problems. For Simulation of: - Climate -Nano-Materials -Protein Folding -Cell Functions via Genomics: GTL -Origins of Mass (QCD) -Quark-Gluon Plasma -Burning Fusion Plasma -Combustion

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 4 ASCR Program Overview Basic Research …simulation…distributed teams, of complex systems remote access to facilities Energy Sciences Network (ESnet) Leadership Computing Facility (LCF) National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) Nanoscience Materials Chemistry Combustion Accelerator High energy Physics Nuclear physics Fusion Climate Astrophysics Biology Applied Mathematics Computer Science Network Environment Scientific Applications Genomes to Life …Applications BES, BER, FES, HEP, NP Integrated Software Infrastructure Centers (Mathematicians, computer scientists, application scientists, and software engineers) High Performance Computing and Network Facilities for Science Research to enable… Grid enabling research Nanoscience Research and Evaluation Prototypes

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 5 ESnet Connects SC Assets to Scientists worldwide

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 6 Everything is Integrated in the Future

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 7 Requirements for Distributed Science

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 8 ESnet Traffic History

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 9 ESnet Traffic Characterization

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 10 Disruptive Changes in Networks for Science

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 11 Network Environment Research End-to-end performance Multi-domain Ultra high-speed transport protocol Network measurement and prediction Cyber security scalable distributed authentication and authorization systems Ultra high-speed network components High-Performance Middleware Network caching and computing Real-time collaborative control and data streams Fault-tolerance, error detection/correction Integrated testbeds and networks Network research to accelerate advanced technologies Experimental deployment of high-impact applications Opportunities

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 12 Workshops and Reports High Performance Network Planning Workshop, August Blueprint for Future Science Middleware and Grid Research and Infrastructure, August DOE Science Network Meeting, June DOE Science Computing Conference, June Science Case for Large Scale Simulation, June Workshop on the Road Map for the Revitalization of High End Computing Cyberinfrastructure Report ASCR Strategic Planning Workshop ASCR Strategic Plan, July HECRTF Plan, April

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 13 ASCR Contact Information Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research Tel: (301) Fax: (301) Web: Robin Staffin Associate Director for Advanced Scientific Computing Research (Acting) Daniel A. Hitchcock Senior Technical Advisor for Advanced Scientific Computing Research Michael Strayer Division Director Mathematics Information and Computational Sciences (Acting)