Ch 30 – Plant Reproduction Vocabulary Review Ch 30 – Plant Reproduction

A reproductive structure that produces male sex cells in flowerless and seedless plants Antheridium

A female reproductive structure of small, nonvascular plants that produces a single egg and in which fertilization and development take place Archegonium

The production of only one kind of spore Homospory

A cluster of spores or sporangia Sorus

The smaller of the two types of spores produced by most plants that develops into the male gametophyte Microspore

The larger of the two types of spores produced by heterosporous plants; develops into a female gametophyte Megaspore

The production of two or more kinds of asexual spores Heterospory

The outer, protective covering of a body, a body part, an ovule, or a sporangium Integument

The small opening in the wall of an ovule through which a pollen tube enters the ovule Micropyle

A structure in the ovary of a seed plant that contains an embryo sac and that develops into a seed after fertilization; in gymnosperms the ovule is found in the carpel and is structurally simple and naked Ovule

The structure that contains the male gametophyte of seed plants Pollen grain

The transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structures (the anthers) to the tip of a female reproductive structure (the pistil) of a flower in angiosperms or to the ovule in gymnosperms Pollination

A tubular structure that grows from a pollen grain, enters the embryo sac, and allows the male reproductive cells to move to the ovule Pollen tube

The enlarged tip of a flower stalk to which the flower is attached Receptacle

In a flower, one of the outermost rings of modified leaves that protect the flower bud Sepal

One of the usually brightly colored, leaf-shaped parts that make up one of the rings of a flower Petal

The male reproductive structure of a flower that produces pollen and consists of an anther at the tip of a filament Stamen

In flowering plants, the tip of a stamen, which contains the pollen sacs where grains form Anther

In flowers, the part of a stamen that supports the anther Filament

The structure where the ovule is in flowering plants Carpel

The female reproductive part of a flower that produces seeds and consists of an ovary, style, and stigma, made of one or more fused carpels Pistil

In the female reproductive system of animals, an organ that produces eggs; in flowering plants, the lower part of a pistil that produces eggs in ovules Ovary

In plants, the slender, upper part of the pistil Style

The expanded apex of a pistil, supported by the style; the part of the pistil that receives the pollen Stigma

In plants, the female gametophyte that develops from a megaspore; contains the ovum that fuses with a sperm nucleus during fertilization to form an embryo and seven other cells, including the polar bodies that fuse with another sperm nucleus to form endosperm Embryo sac

One of the two haploid nuclei in the embryo sac of a seed plant that fuse with a male gamete to form the triploid cell that develops into the endosperm Polar nucleus

The cell of a pollen grain that gives rise to the pollen tube Tube cell

In a pollen grain, the cell that divides mitotically and forms two sperm cells Generative cell

A sugar-containing fluid secreted by flowers to attract birds or insects for pollination Nectar

The process by which one of the two sperm nuclei fuses with the egg nucleus to produce a diploid zygote and the other fuses with the polar nuclei to produce a triploid endosperm Double fertilization

The production of new individuals Propagation

The protective, outer covering of a seed Seed coat

The developing shoot above the cotyledons in plant embryos; consists of the epicotyl and young leaves Plumule

The portion of the stem of a plant embryo that is between the cotyledons and the first true leaves Epicotyl

The portion of the stem of a plant embryo that is between the cotyledons and the embryonic root Hypocotyl

In plants, the embryonic, or primary, root Radicle

On a plant seed, a scar that marks where the seed was attached to the ovary wall Hilum

A state in which seeds, spores, bulbs, and other reproductive organs stop growth and development and reduce their metabolism, especially respiration Dormancy

An organism that is produced by asexual reproduction and that is genetically identical to its parent; to make a genetic duplicate Clone

Vegetative Reproduction A type of asexual reproduction in which new plants grow from nonreproductive plant parts Vegetative Reproduction

A root, stem, or leaf that is cut from a living plant and that can produce a new plant Cutting

The process of causing roots to form on stems or branches of a plant that are covered with soil Layering

A technique in which a portion of one plant is attached to the root or shoot of another plant and grows there Grafting

The technique for growing living cells in an artificial medium Tissue culture