Introduction to Programming Lecture 35

Input/Output Streams

File Input/Output

Stream

scanf ( ) ; printf ( ) ;

Stream Stream is an ordered sequence of bytes

Stream Input/Output

Input stream object cin Output stream object cout

Stream Operators >> <<

Example int i ; char c ; cin >> i ; cin >> c ;

Every stream has: A source A destination

State

Example int i , j ; cin >> i >> j ; cout << i / j ;

Formatted Input / Output

Member Functions

cin.get ( ) ;

c = cin.get ( ) ; cin.get ( char c ) ;

cin.read ( char * buffer , streamsize n ) Integer type to express counts in streams More than one character is read

<<

cout.put (char c ) ;

#include <iostream.h>

iomanip.h

cerr clog

Buffered Input/Output

Buffer

flush

“\n”

cout << endl ;

caux cprn

cout << “The value of the first integer is” << i ;

Stream Insertion Operator

ostream & ostream :: operator << ( char * text )

Stream Extraction Operator

cin >> i >> j ; Example int i , j ; cin >> i >> j ;

cin.getline ( char * buffer , int buff_size , char delimiter = ‘\n’ ) 100

cin.unget ( ) ; cin.peek ( ) ;

cout.put ( char ch ) ; cout.write ( char * str , int n ) ;

Example char name [ 60 ] ; cin >> name ; cout << name ;

Example char name1 [ 30 ] , name2 [ 30 ] ; cin >> name1 >> name2 ;

In Today’s Lecture How to create our own object We learnt Input / Output Stream cin , cout , cerr , clog How to create our own object Overload Stream Operators