1 Technology Integration Barriers in a Technology- Rich Environment: A CBAM Perspective Kevin Schoepp- Faculty Laptop and Elearning Forum 02/04/05

2 Personal Background Not all that interested in using technology in teaching The advent of the WWW made me believe in the value of integrating technology into education First laptop university experience was a disappointment (barriers) and a boon

3 Outline Background and Introduction Literature Methodology Results Discussion and Recommendations

4 Integration Reasons Increase student motivation Unique instructional capabilities Increase teacher efficiency Enhance student IT skills Support constructivist approaches Roblyer and Edwards (2000)

5 Introduction Technology more accessible Technology- rich environments are vital Focus on: perceived barriers to technology integration level of technology integration concerns toward technology integration exposure to a technology-rich environment

6 Introduction- Research Questions What do faculty in a technology-rich environment perceive as barriers to technology integration? In a technology-rich environment, what are the relationships between perceived barriers to technology integration and… stage of concern? level of technology integration? exposure to a technology-rich environment? In a technology-rich environment, what are the relationships between… level of technology integration and stage of concern? stage of concern and exposure to a technology-rich environment? level of technology integration and exposure to a technology-rich environment?

7 Literature Review- Barriers There is an established set of technology integration barriers Barriers always experienced no matter the environment Intensity of barriers differs according to level of technology integration Recommendations of barrier elimination differ according to the type and intensity of the barrier

8 Literature Review- CBAM Hall, G. E., Wallace, R. C., & Dossett, W. F. (1973). Stages of Concern Levels of Use Innovations Configuration Technology Implementation Standards Configuration (Mills, 2002)

9 Literature Review- CBAM Research Relationship Between Technology Use and Concerns Technology Concerns Technology Use

10 Literature Review- Exposure to a Technology-Rich Environment Since lack of access is a commonly referred to technology integration barrier, it is natural to assume that if this barrier were removed, the level of technology integration would be higher in technology- rich environments than in environments which still had lack of access as a barrier

11 Methodology 75 item web-based questionnaire- 24% response SoC questionnaire- 35 items Barriers- 21 items ( Hadley & Sheingold, 1993; Jacobsen, 1998 ) TISCM- 18 items Exposure- 1 item

12 Results- Categorization Lower- order concerns dominated (SoC/Fuller) Scored high on the TISCM Most had at least 3years in tech-rich environment

13 Results Barriers Faculty unsure as to how to effectively integrate technology. The current reward structure does not adequately recognize those utilizing technology. There are no program standards as to what is expected for teaching with technology. There is a lack of sufficient technology training. There is a lack of technical support regarding the technology. Faculty do not have sufficient time to integrate technology. There is a lack of support from administration. Faculty lack basic technology skills.

14 Results- Barrier Relationships Concerns- task group perceived barriers more TISCM- least sophisticated – rank time barrier 1-2 years rank time barrier

15 Results- Relationships Between Groups Level of Use and Time Concern and Level of Use

16 Recommendations Technology Integration Plan Integrate technology into the curriculum More technical training and support Technology Standards- NETS PD- multi-faceted Provide time release

17 More Information Journal Article tml tml Thesis

18 Questions?