ERMS: A review Marshall Breeding Director for Innovative Technologies and Research Vanderbilt University NISO E-Resource Management Forum: The What, Why, and How for Managing E-Resources Sept 23-34, 2007 Denver Colorado

Presentation Scope Historical context of ERM Historical context of ERM Commercial involvement Commercial involvement ERM in the context of broader trends in library automation ERM in the context of broader trends in library automation

How did we get here? The journal collections of libraries making dramatic shift from print to electronic format The journal collections of libraries making dramatic shift from print to electronic format Existing library automation software lacked the ability to accommodate libraries needs in managing these large collections of e-journal content Existing library automation software lacked the ability to accommodate libraries needs in managing these large collections of e-journal content

Historical context Format shift well underway by the late 1990s Format shift well underway by the late 1990s Informal systems employed in libraries to track e-journal collections Informal systems employed in libraries to track e-journal collections Automation crisis let to efforts to design systems to provide a more systematic approach Automation crisis let to efforts to design systems to provide a more systematic approach

Chronology of ERM Development Late 1990s: Jake – Jointly administered knowledge environment – public domain collaborative effort to manage e-journal holdings data Late 1990s: Jake – Jointly administered knowledge environment – public domain collaborative effort to manage e-journal holdings data 2000: Serials Solutions launches A-Z list for e-journals 2000: Serials Solutions launches A-Z list for e-journals May 2002: NISO / DLF Workshop on Standards for Electronic Resource Management May 2002: NISO / DLF Workshop on Standards for Electronic Resource Management Jun, 2002: Innovative Interfaces announces Electronic Resources Management Jun, 2002: Innovative Interfaces announces Electronic Resources Management Jun 2004: Dynix announces development of Horizon ERM product Jun 2004: Ex Libris announces Verde Jun 2004: Dynix announces development of Horizon ERM product Jun 2004: Ex Libris announces Verde Jun 2004 Endeavor Information Systems announces Meridian electronic resource management platform Jun 2004 Endeavor Information Systems announces Meridian electronic resource management platform Jun 2004: VTLS announces VERIFY electronic resource management product. Tri-College consortium as development partner. Jun 2004: VTLS announces VERIFY electronic resource management product. Tri-College consortium as development partner. Oct 2005: Serials Solutions launches ERMS Oct 2005: Serials Solutions launches ERMS Dec 2005 NISO initiative for SUSHI Dec 2005 NISO initiative for SUSHI Lightening speed?? Lightening speed??

Data driven A fundamental characteristic of the ERM involves its reliance on high- quality e-journal holdings data A fundamental characteristic of the ERM involves its reliance on high- quality e-journal holdings data Software and technology cannot compensate for weak e-journal data. Software and technology cannot compensate for weak e-journal data.

Profile-based management Individual check-in model used for print not sustainable with electronic subscription format Individual check-in model used for print not sustainable with electronic subscription format Manage e-journals based on a profile of subscriptions Manage e-journals based on a profile of subscriptions Struggle to integrate e-Journals with existing automation environment Struggle to integrate e-Journals with existing automation environment Interest to move from separate E-journal finding aids to a more integrated environment for the public Interest to move from separate E-journal finding aids to a more integrated environment for the public Interest in integrating management of e-journals into overall library workflows Interest in integrating management of e-journals into overall library workflows

E-Journal Data Problem: difficult to know what titles and issues of journal content might be available to library users. Problem: difficult to know what titles and issues of journal content might be available to library users. Much content acquired through aggregated products Much content acquired through aggregated products Coverage constantly in flux Coverage constantly in flux Based on ever-changing arrangements between aggregators and publishers Based on ever-changing arrangements between aggregators and publishers Not possible for libraries to manage manually Not possible for libraries to manage manually Profile-based strategy Profile-based strategy –Develop a profile of the librarys subscriptions –Determine actual holdings based on that profile in combination with up-to-date information from knowledgebase.

E-Journal Data Sources Jake – Jointly administered knowledge environment Jake – Jointly administered knowledge environment Serials Solutions Serials Solutions Ex Libris Ex Libris Openly Informatics Openly Informatics TDNet TDNet

MARC data services Delivery of MARC records that can be loaded into the librarys ILS Delivery of MARC records that can be loaded into the librarys ILS Synchronize ILS catalog with external e-journal management systems Synchronize ILS catalog with external e-journal management systems

ERM A new automation product genre

ERM Goals Are we getting everything were paying for? Are we getting everything were paying for? Avoiding overlap or redundancy Avoiding overlap or redundancy Support for collections decisions Support for collections decisions Vendor performance Vendor performance Cost / View Cost / View Trend analysis Trend analysis

ERM Need Investments in electronic content increasing Investments in electronic content increasing For many libraries expenditures on electronic exceeds print For many libraries expenditures on electronic exceeds print Gaps in infrastructure related to the management of e-content Gaps in infrastructure related to the management of e-content –License terms –License text –Collection analysis

ILS Vendor involvement

Innovative Interfaces One of the largest automation companies serving public, academic, and special libraries One of the largest automation companies serving public, academic, and special libraries Earliest commercial offering in the ERM genre Earliest commercial offering in the ERM genre Stand-alone system that can be used independently of Millennium Stand-alone system that can be used independently of Millennium WebBridge – OpenURL linking product WebBridge – OpenURL linking product Research Pro – federated search Research Pro – federated search Content Access Service Content Access Service –e-journal holdings data –MARC Record Service –A-Z list –Web-based profile manager In-house development model In-house development model

Ex Libris Company focused primarily on academic libraries Company focused primarily on academic libraries Strategic interest in electronic content Strategic interest in electronic content Technology-focused company Technology-focused company First in the OpenURL linking front First in the OpenURL linking front Verde launched in 2004 Verde launched in 2004 Primo as public interface for its entire product suite Primo as public interface for its entire product suite

Ex Libris SFX SFX MetaLib MetaLib SFX Central Knowledge Base SFX Central Knowledge Base MARCit Marc Record Service MARCit Marc Record Service Verde Verde Primo Primo In-house development model In-house development model

VTLS Verify launched in June 2004 Verify launched in June 2004 Tri-college Consortium (Bryn Mawr, Haverford and Swarthmore) was an early development partner (Now moving to Verde) Tri-college Consortium (Bryn Mawr, Haverford and Swarthmore) was an early development partner (Now moving to Verde) Version 2 announced Jan 2006 Version 2 announced Jan 2006 Minimal sales in US Minimal sales in US

SirsiDynix Dynix developing ERM for Horizon Dynix developing ERM for Horizon –Announced June 2004 Sirsi Developing ERM for Unicorn Sirsi Developing ERM for Unicorn April 2006: Dropped local development in favor of a strategic agreement with Serials Solutions April 2006: Dropped local development in favor of a strategic agreement with Serials Solutions Working toward a future version of Unicorn/Symphony that offers some level of integration with SS ERMS. Working toward a future version of Unicorn/Symphony that offers some level of integration with SS ERMS.

The Library Corporation Primarily focused on public libraries Primarily focused on public libraries Partnership to market Gold Rush Partnership to market Gold Rush

ILS Vendor Perspective Mixed strategies Mixed strategies Several have failed to take advantage of opportunities as libraries make transition toward increasingly electronic collections Several have failed to take advantage of opportunities as libraries make transition toward increasingly electronic collections Paved the way for new companies specializing in management of electronic content Paved the way for new companies specializing in management of electronic content

E-content Specialist Vendors

Serials Solutions Revolves around e-journal database Revolves around e-journal database –106,000 unique titles –5,000 databases 360 product suite 360 product suite –360 Link –360 Search –360 MARC updates –360 Resource Manager A-Z List A-Z List Federated Search Federated Search Electronic Resource Management Electronic Resource Management Federated Search Federated Search

Serials Solutions ERAMS Electronic Resources Access and Management Services ERAMS Electronic Resources Access and Management Services –Collect, Correct, Connect, Control See: erams.org See: erams.org

Cambridge Information Group Serials Solutions Serials Solutions –360 product suite –Ulrichs Serials Analysis System –Ulrichsweb.com R.R. Bowker R.R. Bowker –Syndetic Solutions –Medialab Solutions / AquaBrowser Library

TDNet Technology development started in 1998 Technology development started in 1998 Ben Gurion University in Israel Ben Gurion University in Israel First commercial product launched Aug 2000 First commercial product launched Aug 2000 Subsidiary of Teldon Information Systems Subsidiary of Teldon Information Systems US Subsidiary in West Chester, PA US Subsidiary in West Chester, PA

TDNet e-Resource Manager Searcher Analyzer – Federated Search Searcher Analyzer – Federated Search Journal Manager – product for access and management of e-journals Journal Manager – product for access and management of e-journals TOUResolver – OpenURL link resolver TOUResolver – OpenURL link resolver Holding Manager – MARC record service Holding Manager – MARC record service Knowledge Base – proprietary repository of e-jouranl holdings data (90,000 titles / 600 collections) Knowledge Base – proprietary repository of e-jouranl holdings data (90,000 titles / 600 collections)

Openly Informatics Now a division of OCLC Now a division of OCLC 1Cate link resolver (One click to everywhere) 1Cate link resolver (One click to everywhere) UHF Holdings Data Service (60,000 serial publications / 900 publishers) UHF Holdings Data Service (60,000 serial publications / 900 publishers) Technology and data products offered as integrated components through other vendors Technology and data products offered as integrated components through other vendors

Gold Rush Developed by the Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries Developed by the Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries Includes e-journal holdings database Includes e-journal holdings database Gold Rush Reports Gold Rush Reports Gold Rush Complete Gold Rush Complete –e-journal locator interface for public –OpenURL resolver –ERM functionality Partnership with The Library Corporation Partnership with The Library Corporation

EBSCO No product in the ERM genre per se No product in the ERM genre per se Offers a suite of tools provide a range of services that simplifies the acquisition and management of e-journals and e-journal packages through products like EBSCONET and EJS, Offers a suite of tools provide a range of services that simplifies the acquisition and management of e-journals and e-journal packages through products like EBSCONET and EJS, End-user access to all of a library's e-resources through services like EBSCO A-to-Z, LinkSource and WebFeat. End-user access to all of a library's e-resources through services like EBSCO A-to-Z, LinkSource and WebFeat. Electronic Journal Service – access and management tool. (used by 6,000 libraries) Electronic Journal Service – access and management tool. (used by 6,000 libraries) 15,000 libraries using EBSCONET 15,000 libraries using EBSCONET

Scholarly Stats MPS Technologies MPS Technologies Online portal for statistics related to the use of electronic resources Online portal for statistics related to the use of electronic resources

Library Developed Solutions

NCSU E-Matrix Serials, Journals and ERMS Serials, Journals and ERMS Late stages of development Late stages of development Functionality: Functionality: –Licensing, access, description, reporting Development started spring 2003 Development started spring

Commercial options narrowing Several products have fallen off Several products have fallen off –ENCompass –Meridian –Horizon ERM –Unicorn ERM –LinkFinderPlus Library adoption of ERM very slow relative to other technology categories Library adoption of ERM very slow relative to other technology categories

ERM Product suites Serials Solutions Serials Solutions Ex Libris Ex Libris TDNet TDNet

Marketshare Innovative Interfaces Electronic Resources Management Innovative Interfaces Electronic Resources Management –241 contracts –219 installed Serials Solutions 360 Resource Manager Serials Solutions 360 Resource Manager –140 implementations in production – 209 individual libraries Ex Libris Verde Ex Libris Verde –108 library customers

ERM Automation Context

Dis-integrated environment Integrated Library System Integrated Library System OpenURL Link Resolver OpenURL Link Resolver Electronic Resource Management System Electronic Resource Management System Federated Search Federated Search Alternative Interfaces Alternative Interfaces

ILS for E-Content? Failure of the ILS to evolve to provide functionality for electronic content Failure of the ILS to evolve to provide functionality for electronic content The ILS vendors were too busy building the systems we were asking them to build The ILS vendors were too busy building the systems we were asking them to build No business model to support major re- development of the ILS No business model to support major re- development of the ILS Proliferation of separate modules for functionality that could have been integrated. Proliferation of separate modules for functionality that could have been integrated. –E-Content profile module –Native OpenURL resolution

Multiple layers of e- content management Listings Listings Linking Linking Federated search Federated search Back-room management Back-room management Comprehensive full-text search Comprehensive full-text search

ILS Integration Scope – what will be managed in the ILS vs external systems Scope – what will be managed in the ILS vs external systems Workflows: Workflows: –Integrated workflow that treats both electronic and print –Separate workflows for print and electronic

The Gulf between print and electronic content Current environment fosters separate treatment of print and electronic collections Current environment fosters separate treatment of print and electronic collections –Back-end processing –End-user interfaces

How to fit ERM data into ILS? Bibliographic description Bibliographic description Serial holdings records Serial holdings records Vendor files Vendor files Fund management Fund management –Discrete funds for each collection area –Vendor Performance Reports Acquisitions /Procurement functions Acquisitions /Procurement functions –Payment processing –Interface with local accounting systems –EDI interface with vendors

Comprehensive discovery Strong interest in next-generation library interfaces that offer a single point of entry for the discovery of all aspects of the librarys collections and services Strong interest in next-generation library interfaces that offer a single point of entry for the discovery of all aspects of the librarys collections and services –Books + articles –Print + electronic Metadata > Full text Metadata > Full text

Challenges Comprehensive discovery models for library users Comprehensive discovery models for library users Efficient workflow models for library staff Efficient workflow models for library staff Sustainable management of electronic content Sustainable management of electronic content