Terms Homologous –describes the matching chromosome from each parent (one male / one female) Diploid – term used to describe a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes – 2N Haploid – term used to describe a cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes – N

Terms Gamete – specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction - sperm or egg haploid Tetrad – structure containing 4 chromatids

Meiosis process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell process by which gametes are formed 1 cell becomes 4 gametes 2 phases: I and II

Prophase I each chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologous chromosome to form a tetrad Crossing over occurs where parts of homologous chromosomes are exchanged

Metaphase I Spindle fibers attach Chromosomes line up in the middle

Anaphase I fibers pull homologous chromosomes towards opposite ends of cell

Telophase I and Cytokinesis Nucleus forms and cells divide into 2 cells

Meiosis II results in 4 haploid daughter cells N (chromosome number) Sperm or eggs

Prophase II No interphase between telophase I /cytokinesis and prophase II All about getting N chromosomes in the gametes, so no replication of DNA

Metaphase II

Anaphase II

Telophase II / Cytokinesis