The Outer Planets of Our Solar System Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
Outer Planets The outer planets are also called “gas giants” These planets are much larger than the others in the solar system These planets are less dense than the others in the solar system
Jupiter 5th planet from the sun Largest planet in the solar system Planet with the shortest day Possibility of liquid water on Jupiter’s moon, Europa Has 63 named natural satellites Thin ring system made of dust
Jupiter’s Great Red Spot
Jupiter- Fast Facts Surface temperature range: −145°C to -20°C 55, 206 miles in diameter Rotates in 9.8 Earth hours Rotates clockwise Revolves in 11.86 Earth years 17 moons (the 4 Galilean moons are Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto 5.2 AU (average distance from the sun) Atmosphere: mostly hydrogen
Jupiter
Jupiter as seen from Voyager 1
Saturn 6th planet from the sun Second largest planet in the solar system Has the most easily visible ring system in the solar system The rings are made of ice and other matter The rings are not solid, but appear connected from far away One of Saturn’s moons (Rhea) has its own ring system
Saturn’s “Rings” and Rhea
Saturn- Fast Facts Surface temperature range: −175°C to about -130°C 46,354 miles in diameter Rotates in 10 Earth hours Rotates clockwise Revolves in 29.46 Earth years 18 or more moons (Largest is Titan, 2nd largest is Rhea) 9.55 AU (average distance from the sun) Atmosphere: mostly hydrogen
Saturn
Uranus 7th planet from the sun Has a ring system Extreme seasonal variation in weather Rotates counter clockwise and on its side Has a strong magnetic field Contains a lot of ice
Uranus
Uranus- Fast Facts Surface temperature range: −214°C to about -200°C 19,616 miles in diameter Rotates in 17 Earth hours Rotates counter clockwise Revolves in 84 Earth years 15 moons 19.2 AU (average distance from the sun) Atmosphere: mostly hydrogen
Uranus on its side
Neptune 8th planet from the sun Last true planet in our solar system Contains a lot of ice Has rings Neptune’s Great Dark Spot is a continuous giant storm
Neptune’s Great Dark Spot
Neptune- Fast Facts Surface temperature range: −223°C to about -220°C 18,765 miles in diameter Rotates in 16 hours and 17 minutes (Earth) Rotates clockwise Revolves in 165 Earth years 8 moons 30.1 AU (average distance from the sun) Atmosphere: hydrogen, helium and methane Methane makes Neptune look blue
Neptune
Dwarf Planets Pluto and Eris are dwarf planets The area beyond Neptune is called the Kuiper belt This is where most dwarf planets are found Dwarf planets orbit the Sun, have their own gravity but has not cleared its surrounding region of planetesimals and is not a satellite Planetesimals are solid objects (including dust) that form celestial bodies