Starter - Review “Curvature of the Spine” Pick Up 3 different color pipe cleaners & glue Depict the abnormal curvature of the spine(s) with the 3 different color pipe cleaners Review curvatures on page 102 – Chap 6 Label each curvature correctly

2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system Chapter 18 p 349

FUNCTIONS Physical breakdown of food Chemical Digestion of food into the end products of fat, carbohydrates and protein. Absorption nutrients into blood capillaries of the small intestines Eliminate waste products of digestion

Structures of the digestive system Also known as: Alimentary Canal Digestive Tract Gastrointestinal Tract Upper GI Lower GI Approximately 30 feet in length from mouth to anus 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system

Structures of the digestive system Primary structures Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small intestines Large intestines Accessory structures Tongue Teeth Salivary glands Pancreas Liver Gall bladder 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system

Structures of the digestive system Mouth (buccal cavity) Tongue Teeth Salivary Glands Palate Uvula 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system

2.07 Remember the structures of the Tongue Attached to floor of mouth Made of skeletal muscle attached to four bones Taste buds on the surface Sweet Sour Bitter Salty 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system

Structures of the digestive system Teeth Primary (deciduous) 20 “baby teeth” Secondary (permanent) 32 “adult teeth” Did you know??? Canine teeth are also known as cuspids and eye teeth. 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system

Structures of the digestive system Salivary glands Parotid gland Largest salivary gland Ptyalin Salivary amylase converts starches to simple sugars Submandibular gland Sublingual gland 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system

2.07 Remember the structures of the Palate Hard Soft Uvula Flap of skin hanging in the back of the throat Mastication – process of chewing Bolus – rounded mass, food prepared for swallowing 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system

Structures of the digestive system Pharynx (throat) Nasopharynx Oropharynx Hypopharynx 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system

Structures of the digestive system Esophagus Muscular tube, 10” long Connects the pharynx and stomach Esophageal wall layers Mucosa Submucosa Muscular External serous 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system

2.07 Remember the structures of the Stomach LUQ of the abdominal cavity Fundus Body Pylorus Cardiac Sphincter circular layer of muscle, controls passage of food into stomach Pyloric Sphincter valve, regulates the entrance of food into duodenum Rugae Wrinkle or folds in the stomach wall that allow for size changes in the stomach 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system

2.07 Remember the structures of the Small intestines Duodenum First segment curves around pancreas 12 inches long Jejunum Second segment 8 feet long Ileum Third segment 10-12 feet long Peristalsis – contractions of the smooth muscle of the GI tract that propel food thru it 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system

2.07 Remember the structures of the Accessories… Pancreas (feather shape) Secretes digestive enzymes Also has endocrine function Located behind stomach Liver RUQ-below diaphragm Largest organ of body Connects to gall bladder and small intestine by ducts Manufactures bile 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system

2.07 Remember the structures of the Accessories… Gall Bladder Stores and concentrates bile until needed by body Appendix – * fingerlike projection protruding into the abdominal cavity 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system

Glycogen – polysaccharide formed and stored largely in the liver Bile – substance produced by the liver emulsifies fat Bilirubin – one of two pigments that determines the color of bile – reddish in color

Large intestines Approximately 2 inches in diameter 5 feet long Chyme (semiliquid food) Cecum- lower right portion of large intestine Ascending colon Transverse colon Descending colon Sigmoid colon Rectum last portion of large intestine Anus external opening

Structures of the digestive system Flatulence – excessive gas Check your knowledge…tomorrow 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system

As the Stomach Churns