Standard S6E5a. Compare and contrast earth’s layers including temperature, density, and composition

Crust Density: The least dense layer: Outermost Thickness: The thinnest (32 km or 25 miles) layer Temperature: The coolest layer Composition: Mostly Oxygen (47%) and Silicon (28%) Connection Think, Pair, Share: If it is the top layer do you think it is the densest or least dense layer?

What Does Crust Look Like? A lot of the crust is hard to see because it is covered by soil, rock and water Anywhere you can see rock, you are seeing the crust of the Earth!!!

What could we compare the crust of the Earth to? Example: It is similar to the peel of an apple in the sense that it is thin and covers the outside of the Earth Think Pair Share—any other ideas?

Continental Crust Makes up continents Light rocks, such as granite Thicker than ocean crust Granite--

Oceanic Crust Makes up ocean floor Contains dense rock, such as basalt Sinks below continental plates Thinner than continental crust Basalt--

Crust Review: Location: Temperature: Density: Made up of: Thickness:

Mantle Density: More dense than crust: Beneath crust Thickness: The thickest layer (2900 Km) Temperature: 870-4,400 degree Celsius; 2nd hottest Composition: Mostly oxygen (44%), Silicon (21%), Magnesium (22.8%) State of Matter: Mostly Solid, Oozy

What could we compare the Mantle of the Earth to? Example: It is similar to the white part of an apple in the sense that it is the thickest part Think Pair Share—any other ideas?

Mantle The Mantle is HOT (870-4400 degree Celsius!) At this temperature the rock begins to melt making the Mantle thick and oozy! Mantle is what bursts out of volcanoes

Mantle Review: Location: Temperature: Density: Made up of: Thickness:

Lithosphere Made up of crust and very top of mantle Floats on top of the asthenosphere and slides around slowly Broken up pieces are called “tectonic plates”

ASTHENOSPHERE & MESOSPHERE Hotter, softer layers of rock under the lithosphere Contains convection currents (mantle is constantly rising and sinking)

What could we compare the Core of the Earth to? Example: It is similar to the seeds or core of an apple in the sense that it is the center and the hardest/densest part. Think Pair Share—any other ideas?

Outer Core Density: More dense than mantle Composition: Iron & Nickel Thickness: 2200 km thick State of matter: Liquid Responsible for magnetic field

Inner Core Density: Most dense layer Composition: Iron & Nickel Thickness: 1200 km Temperature: Hottest layer State of matter: Solid So much pressure that despite the hot temperature that would melt the rocks it stays solid.

Core Review: Location: Temperature: Density: Made up of: Thickness:

Layers of the Earth Rap

On back/left hand side of notes draw and label the Earth you see in your hand

On back side of notes draw and label the Earth you see in your hand Crust Mantle Outer Core Inner Core

Earth Layers Tree Diagram Crust Temperature Density Composition Picture Mantle Outer Core Inner Core

Question The Earth is like an egg. Explain this analogy by relating each part of a peach (each layer—shell, egg white, yolk) to each layer of the Earth. Write your claim and evidence (why does each layer represent the each part of the egg)

Layers of the Earth Rap

Earth’s Layers