Chapter 18 - Volcanic Activity

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 18 - Volcanic Activity

Types of Magma The 3 main types of magma are andesitic, basaltic, and rhyolitic Basaltic has the same composition as basalt Hawaii and Iceland are examples of these Rhyolitic is used to describe the magma that solidifies to form granite Andesitic has the same composition od andesite Mount St. Helens is an example of this

Magma Composition There are number of factors that determine type of magma One is viscosity – the internal resistance to flow

Basaltic Magma This normally forms when rocks in the upper mantle melt and has a low viscosity – flows easier

Andesitic Magma This is found along continental margins, where oceanic crust is subducted into Earth’s mantle Has intermediate viscosity

Rhyolitic Viscosity Forms when molten materials rises and mixes with the overlying crust This has a high viscosity

Viscosity The viscosity of magma and lava depend upon both temp and composition The hotter the magma, the lower the viscosity The amount of silica increases the viscosity

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