Global Ship Capacity: Are there enough ships to protect our ports from sea level rise? Leigh Hammel March 10, 2010 CEE 129

Ship Requirements -Looking at approximately 150 ports worldwide -At least 2 specialty ships per port -Plus accessory barges and tugboats, approximate at 3 ( 150 2) (3 150) 750 ships world wide

Within the US Approximately 75 ports We need: -150 specialty ships -225 accessory ships

What do we have? As a nation (approx): – 6200 tugboats and towboats – 3200 barges Accessory ships at-08.jpg

Specialty Ships USACE – 3 Manson (SF Bay) – 4 General Construction - 5 Cosco (China) – 4-8

3 companies X fleet of 4 = 12 ships per region Regions: – Pacific Northwest – SF Bay/Northern CA – Southern CA – Florida/Gulf of Mexico – Northeast Approximately 60 ships within the US 90 ship deficit

Ships around the world China is the next largest producer of specialty ships in the world If the US does not have enough ships for ourselves, and China is producing less ships, there will be a deficit there too Other countries with high ship production: – Netherlands – UK – Bangladesh These countries have less demand for specialty ships, so nationally may have a sufficient amount, but globally still a deficit

limitations 1.The majority of these ships can only lift up to tons, this is only 1/5 of the capacity of the Oosterschelde dams ships 2.Requiring only 2 ships per site is a generous assumption – the Oosterchelde dam had 5 3.Replacing ships – it takes approximately two years to build new ships, and each facility can usually build 2-5 at a time