Types of Reactions

Reminders: reactants  products subscripts are used to balance charges in ionic compounds Law of Conservation of Mass states that mass cannot be created or destroyed –BALANCE diatomics: H2 O2 F2 Br2 I2 N2 Cl2 the only thing you can change in a chemical equation is the coefficients (numbers out front)

Types of Reactions: Synthesis: Takes the general form: A + B  AB Definition: 2 elements/compounds come together to make a more complex compound. What to look for: 1 PRODUCT

Predict the Products of a Synthesis Reacion: Ca + O2  Cu + S  H2 + N2 

Types of Reactions: Decomposition Takes the general from: AB  A + B Definition: An compound breaks down to elements/compounds. What to look for: 1 REACTANT

Types of Reactions: Single Replacement Takes the general form: A + BC  B + AC Definition: 1 single element replaces another in a compound which results in a new compound and a new single element. What to look for: an element and compound in both the reactants and products

Predicting the Products of a Single Replacement Reaction: Steps: Determine the charge of all the elements in the reactants. Determine which elements CAN switch places. Look up the elements on the activity series. If the single element is higher on THE LIST, the reaction will go to completion.

Activity Series aka: THE LIST

Predicting the Products of a Single Replacement Reaction: lithium + water  chlorine + potassium iodide 

Types of Reactions: Double Replacement Takes the general form: AB + CD  AD + CB Definition: cations (or anions) in 2 different compounds switch places to make 2 new compounds What to look for: 2 compounds in the reactants and products

Predicting the Products of a Double Replacement Reaction: Steps: Determine the charges of all the ions in the compound. Determine which elements can trade places. Swap the elements and balance the chemical formula. Balance the chemical equation.

Predicting the Products of a Double Replacement Reaction: copper hydroxide + magnesium phosphate  sodium carbonate + hydrochloric acid (HCl) 

Types of Reactions: Combustion Takes the general form: CxHy + O2  CO2 + H2O Definition: a carbon compound and oxygen react to produce carbon dioxide and water What to look for: carbon dioxide and water will ALWAYS be the products