The Universe! Created by Educational Technology Network. www.edtechnetwork.com 2009

POWERPOINT JEOPARDY Blue Red Green Purple Orange 10 10 10 10 10 20 20 20 20 20 30 30 30 30 30 40 40 40 40 40 50 50 50 50 50

A large celestial body that is composed of gas and dust and that emits light is a(n)?– 10 Points star

A(n)_____________ consists of one star or more than one star and all objects in orbit around the central star– 20 Points Solar system

A(n) ___________ is a large group of stars, gas, and dust bound together by gravity– 30 Points Galaxy

A large, cold cloud of gas and dust in interstellar space is called a(n) _____________– 40 Points Nebula

The distance that light can travel in one year, also known as a(n) ___________, is about 9.5 trillion km– 50 Points LY

While planets are smaller than stars, planets are generally larger than which of the following? The stars they orbit around The solar system The galaxy they are contained within The other bodies in a solar system – 10 Points D

Where do stars form? – 20 Points Nebula

What causes a supernova? – 30 Points The collapse of the core of a high mass star

Which object is farthest away from Earth? Barnard’s star 6LY Andromeda Galaxy 2.5 million light years Triangulum Galaxy 2.6 million LY Planet Neptune 4.3 billion km – 40 Points Triangulum Galaxy

How do galaxies range in size? From dwarf galaxies with approximately 1 million star to giant galaxies with more than 1 trillion stars As large as the distance from Earth to the sun and back From the smallest speck of dust to infinity From as small as the Milky Way to as large as the Universe – 50 Points A

How do astronomers measure the brightness of a star? By describing how large it is By explaining how old the star is By measuring the amount of energy it emits By using apparent magnitude, a measure of the brightness of stars as they appear to an observer on Earth – 10 Points D

The color of the surface of a star can be used to determining temperature. Which color is the coolest star? Blue Red Yellow-white Yellow – 20 Points B

Describe the shape and composition of the Milky Way Galaxy – 30 Points Spiral or pinwheel, stars, gas, dust held together by gravity

Summarize the process by which a low mass star becomes a giant – 40 Points Nuclear fusion ( H—He), in inner core then the outer shell, temperature increases and density increases, star gets larger

What are the characteristics of planets and stars and what is their relationship within solar systems, galaxies, and the universe? – 50 Points Terrestrial planets have rocky crusts and dense mantles and cores Gas giants are gaseous and are larger and less dense Planets are generally smaller than stars Stars are large celestial bodies composed of gas and emits light and contain a lot of energy Stars range from supergiants to dwarfs Planets and stars make up the solar system with a central star and its family of orbiting planets, moons, and smaller objects Solar systems are contained within galaxies, which together with voids, make up the universe Galaxies are large groups of stars, gas and dust held together by their own gravity

Describe a star– 10 Points A celestial body that is made of gas and emits light

What is the structure of the Universe?– 20 Points Earth---planets---stars---solar system—galaxy—universe

A planet in our solar system is far away from the Sun, describe the size and composition of this planet– 30 Points It is a gas giant so it is large with a thick gaseous atmosphere and a small rocky core

To measure a star’s ____________, astronomers use an absolute brightness scale called ___________ ___________ – 40 Points Luminosity, absolute magnitude

Which color of star has a surface temperature above 25,000 degrees Celsius? – 50 Points Blue

Why is the absolute magnitude of some stars greater than their apparent magnitude? – 10 Points They can be located very far away

Name three constellations – 20 Points Answers Vary

When does a low mass star become a Giant?– 30 Points When the hydrogen in its core starts to run out

Name the steps in the life cycle of a low mass and a high mass star – 40 Points Low mass: Nebula---star---red giant---white dwarf High Mass: Nebula---star---supergiant---supernovae---black hole or neutron star

Describe the stages of nuclear fusion in the sun – 50 Points Nuclear fusion in the core, H-He H+H---He and energy