Chapter 11-Unit9 Immune System Review

Review Define an autoimmune disease? When the immune system can mistake self for non-self and attack its own tissues Antigens which cause allergic reactions are known as? Allergens(cat hair, pollen) What are the three main lines of defense against antigens? 1.Barriers: skin or mucous membranes 2. Inflammation process: redness and swelling 3. Antibodies The term used for any substance that is foreign to the body? Antigen Define an antibody? Disease fighting protein

Review Name the five white blood cells? Eosinophils Neutrophils Basophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Name the organs in the immune system? Bone marrow, Thymus, Lymph nodes, Spleen, Tonsils, Adenoids, Appendix, and Peyer’s patches(lymph nodes in the intestine)

Review The assessment of tumors are called? Staging(size of the tumor) Which lymphocytes directly attack invading organisms on contact? T-Cells The antibodies from the B cells are protein substances belonging to a family of large molecules are known as? Immunoglobulins When an antibody-mediated response happens, this is the outer chemical that helps to develop an inflammatory response? Histamine

Review A full primary immune response requires how many days to develop(in the first response) 5 to 6 days In a secondary response, the reaction takes how many days? 2 to 3 days(because you have leftover memory cells) Define HIV? Human immunodeficiency virus Define AIDS? Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(final stage of HIV)

Review The AIDS virus invades what cells? Helper T cells(hides in their membranes) The spread of a cancerous tumor to a new site is called? Metastasis Physicians that specializes in the education and treatment of cancer? Oncologists Cancers arising from epithelial tissues are known as Carcinomas(breast cancer) Cancers arising from connective tissues are call Sarcomas(bone or blood cancer) When you have nodes involvement in a cancer stage, which stage would this be? Stage 2(stage 1 is the tumor T, stage 2 is when nodes are involved N, stages higher are metastasis M) TNM system

Review What procedure(s) needs to be preformed to determine a cancer diagnosis? A biopsy This diagnosis refers to severe, continued tiredness that is not relieved by rest and is not directly caused by other medical conditions Chronic fatigue syndrome This is a chronic disease of unknown cause in which striking changes occur in the immune system, autoimmune disease. This causes a butterfly rash on the face? Lupus erythematosus This is a long-term disease that leads to inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues, it can also affect other organs Rheumatoid Arthritis(RA)

Review Define steptococci? Berry shaped-twisted chains Define staphlococci? Grape-like clusters A viral infection known as shingles? Herpes zoster These cells engulf antigens? Phagocytosis Would we give a patient an antibiotic for a viral or bacterial infection? Bacterial infection What class of medication would we use for a virus? Antiviral Were do all blood cells originate including B cell? In the bone marrow What medication is used for a fungal infection? Antifungal This is a serious condition when an antigen(toxin) enters and invades the body, this occurs rapidly and may cause death? Septic shock