Human Genome Project, Gene Therapy, and Cloning

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Human Genome Project, Gene Therapy, and Cloning

The Human Genome Project An international effort to decipher the DNA blueprint of a human being

Human Genome Project Goals: To sequence & determine the exact order of the nucleotides (A,C,T,G) for ALL of the DNA in a human cell To determine which sections of DNA represent the individual genes To store this information in databases for analysis

Publishing the human genome

Gene Therapy Replacement of an abnormal protein with a normal one Isolate the normal sequence for the protein & package it into a virus (vector). Infect a target cell, usually the one with the illness, such as a liver or lung cell. The cell uses the normal sequence to produce the missing protein and is thus repaired.

Problems with Gene Therapy Short lived, so patients have to go through multiple rounds Immune response to foreign invaders Problems with the viruses Very expensive Multigene disorders

Identical twins are natural clones, they share 100% of their DNA What is Cloning? Cloning is the creation of an organism that is the EXACT genetic copy of the mother Identical twins are natural clones, they share 100% of their DNA

What is Cloning?

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