Spain!

Ingredients From New World Tomato Potato Sweet Potato Vanilla Chocolate Beans Zucchini Peppers

Agricultural Production Largest producer of olives in world Chief agricultural products: Barley Potatoes Milk Tomatoes Olives Wheat Oranges Grapes Poor soil and dry climate results in low production.

Livestock Sheep main livestock Europe’s leading fishing country Fishing industry includes: Mussels Sardines Cod Anchovies Squid

Wine Spain has over 2.9 million acres (over 1.17 million hectares) planted 3rd largest producer of wine in the world France is #1 Italy is #2

Imbedded In Culture In Spain, winemakers often use the Spanish word “elaborar” (to elaborate) As oposed to fabricar (to produce/make) This relates to the philosophy of “the winemaker acts as more of a nurturer of the grapes and wine rather than as a producer”

Classifications By Age Crianza red wines are aged for 2 years with at least 6 months in oak. Whites and rosés must be aged for at least 1 year with at least 6 months in oak.[5] Reserva red wines are aged for at least 3 years with at least 1 year in oak. Reserva whites and rosés must be aged for at least 2 years with at least 6 months in oak.[5] Gran Reserva wines typically appear in above average vintages with the red wines requiring at least 5 years aging, 18 months of which in oak and a minimum of 36 months in the bottle. Gran Reserva whites and rosés must be aged for at least 4 years with at least 6 months in oak

Consumption 9th overall in consumption of alcohol 10.06 gallons or 38 liters a year

Grape Varieties 400 varieties planted throughout Spain 80% of country's wine comes from 20 grapes Tempranillo, Albariño, Garnacha, Palomino, Airen, Macabeo, Parellada, Xarel•lo, Cariñena and Monastrell

Wine Regions 14,000 vineyards 150 Wineries

Ribera del Duero Known for their Tempranillo production

Valdepeñas Drank by Hemingway Known for high quality at low price

Jerez de la Frontera Home of the Fortified wine Sherry 15-22% ABV

Galicia Vineyards in Galicia are influenced by the high humidity and close proximity to the Atlantic

Spanish Way of Cooking

Culinary Methods Frying and Deep Frying Boiling Baking Jams, Jellies, Honey, and Alcohol Preserves Drying and Salting Roasting Grilling Broiling Pickling Marinade Stews

Herbs Anise Widely used to flavor cakes and herbal teas. It is also the main ingredient and name of a traditional Spanish liquor. Aromatic Herbs Thyme, Rosemary, Oregano, Basil, Dill, Chamomile, Mint, Peppermint; Most common herbs for stews, salads, making sauces, teas as well as liquors. Cumin Grows mostly in the Spanish Mountains. Used for pharmaceutical properties and in stews. Parsley Used for garnish, and elements of various sauces for meats and fish. You can get it for free from butchers, greengrocers, and fishmongers

Spices and Seasonings Cinnamon Popular in ancient times as an aphrodisiac. Mainly used in desserts. However, also favored in stews. Cloves Used as intense flavoring in stews and dishes. It has a therapeutic virtue, such as tooth aches. Honey Records show it has been used in Spain since the Neolithic period in order to preserve fruits and other foods. Most popular sweetener. Mustard Mainly for dressing on red meats. Paprika Most popular spice. In typical products, preparations, and dishes is Spanish cuisine. Such as Chorizo or Mamitako Saffron Natural colorings and most expensive. Spain is currently the world’s leading produce and exporter. Considered to have healing properties.

The Food Available Pulses: Beans, Chickpeas, Peas Vegetables: Artichokes, Asparagus, Carrots, Turnips, Cucumbers, Eggplants, Lettuce, Endive, Mushrooms, Onions, Garlic, Peppers, Potatoes, Tomatoes, Pumpkins, Zucchini, Spinach Fruits: Apples, Capers, Cherries, Carob Pods, Citrus Fruits, Chirimoyas, Dates, Figs, Grapes, Raisins, Olives (Olive Oil), Peaches, Pears, Pineapples, Plums, Pomegranates, Strawberries Nuts: Acorns, Almonds, Chestnuts, Hazelnuts, Peanuts, Pine Nuts, Pistachios, Walnuts

Food Continued… Dairy Products: Milk, Cheese, Yogurt Meats and Sausage: Chickens, Hens, Ham, Horse, Foal, Oxen, Cow, Bulls, Quail, Partridges, Pork, Rabbit, Hare, Sausage, Stag, Dear, Turkey Seafood: Anchovies, Codfish, Eels, Elvers, Sea Bream, Tuna, Whale

Typical Meals Breakfast (Desayuno): Usually a hot drink paired with a solid food of salty or sweet. Sometimes men have a small drink of alcohol. Small portions. Midmorning Meal (Almuerzo): May consist of some kind of roll, or even small portions of stew. Paired with a glass of wine or other drinks. Little bigger portion than breakfast. Lunch (Comida): Complete 3 course meal. Starter, main course, dessert. Wine together with water is the traditional drink. Biggest meal of the day.

Meals continued… Mid-afternoon snack (Merienda): Usually consist of a small roll or cake with a drink. To ease the gap before dinner. Paired with a drink. Very small. Dinner (Cena): Last meal of the day. Always with family. Same structure of Lunch. Starter, main course, dessert. Usually lighter, due to close to bedtime. Smaller than lunch, bigger than breakfast.

History Influence from other culture s Phoenicians- sauces Greeks- olive oil Romans, Carthaginians, and Jews Moors left the biggest influence

History- Moors Moorish occupation from 711 AD- 1492 AD A sophisticated people Irrigation experts Led to rice cultivation Almond groves Led to almond use in sweet and savory items Refining sugar from juices Seasonings Cinnamon, saffron, nutmeg, and others Paella and polvorones

Polvornes Fish Paella

Dietary Food Guide NAOS pyramid Promotes Mediterranean diet and physical activity

Eating like a Spaniard

Breakfast Not like the American breakfast Light Coffee, pastry maybe

Tapas The Little Spanish Meal Well after breakfast but before lunch Snack Bar hopping Small plates, finger foods, hot and cold Typical tapas

Lunch Largest meal Between 1:30 – 3:30 Several Courses 2 – 3 hour break Siesta included Conversation

Dinner Snack between Lunch and Dinner Smaller than Lunch Between 9pm – 12 am Socializing and bar-hopping afterwards

Custom Foods Tapas Churros Tortilla Espanola Paella Chorizo

Spanish Holiday Foods Christmas Christmas Eve Lobster, lamb, suckling pig Tapas Tuna with red peppers 10 pm Sweets Nougat Mazapan - Marzipan, pure and simple. Yema – type of marzipan Polvorones - crumbly cakes. Mantecados - another crumbly type of cake.

Spanish Holiday Foods New Year’s Eve Cava Grapes Traditional breakfast