The 6 Principles of GOVT GOVT Notes 3-1.

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The 6 Principles of GOVT GOVT Notes 3-1

1) Popular Sovereignty Definition: People Rule / Govern Preamble – “We the People…” Democracy (Republic) Constitution can be changed (Amendments) Directly elect members of House of Representatives Amendments that increase who can vote/participate in GOVT 15th – 17th – 19th – 24th – 26th – Blacks can vote People directly elect Senators Women can vote No Poll Tax 18 year olds can vote

2) Federalism Define: Authority divided between National/Federal GOVT and the States GOVT Reserved Powers belong to the States (10th Amendment) Delegated Powers belong to the National GOVT Who has the majority of Power today?

3) Separation of Powers Legislative Executive Judicial CONGRESS Baron de Montesquieu wrote about importance of separating powers 3 Branches make up the Federal GOVT It’s the L.E.J. the GOVT stands on Legislative Executive Judicial CONGRESS PRESIDENT SUPREME COURT Article #1 Article #2 Article #3 MAKES LAWS ENFORCES LAWS INTERPRETS LAWS

4) Checks and Balances Legislative Branch Executive Branch 3 branches of GOVT police each other, so that no branch becomes too powerful Legislative Branch Executive Branch Judicial Branch Courts can declare laws unconstitutional President can Veto laws Congress can remove judges Congress can override a Veto President can appoint judges Judges cannot be removed by President

5) Judicial Review Marbury v. Madison (1803) The Constitution is… Supreme Court power to declare laws… Unconstitutional The Constitution is… “the Supreme Law of the Land” Article 6 (VI)

6) Limited GOVT or Civilian Control President = Commander-in-Chief Power to declare war belongs only to… CONGRESS Congress funds the U.S. Military No Quartering Soldiers (3rd Amendment) → President can send troops anywhere w/o Congress for 60 days → Congress can tell President to bring troops back after 60 days ∙ Congress also funds protection for ambassadors