Cell Specialization.

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Presentation transcript:

Cell Specialization

Unicellular Organism consists of only one cell that one cell carries out all functions required to maintain the life of the organism So, NO cell specialization

Multicellular Organism consists of more than one cell cells are specialized to perform certain functions Cells develop differently (differentiation) and become specialized for their function (cell specialization)

Examples of Cell Specialization In Multicellular Organisms Neuron (nerve cell) - sends info from one part of the body to another - very long and thin

Red Blood Cells - carry oxygen throughout body - flattened disks so that they can easily flow through blood vessels

Sperm Cell - fertilizes egg - strong tail for quick swimming, distinct head for entering egg cell

Cell differentiation is a result of different gene expression, a process in which a gene is switched on & begins production of its protein.

Most cells in your body have the same DNA Cells use only the DNA that they need; the rest is inactive For example, skin cells use the DNA that codes for melanin (a skin pigment that protects from UV light) Heart cells do not need melanin, so it is “turned off” in heart cells