Prokaryotic (Bacterial) Gene Regulation

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Presentation transcript:

Prokaryotic (Bacterial) Gene Regulation controlled by DNA-binding proteins regulate genes by controlling transcription some proteins switch genes on – make protein some proteins switch genes off – no proteins

Operons – Prokaryotes ONLY a group of genes that are regulated together genes in an operon have related functions

Lac Operon- A specific example contains three genes contains two regulatory regions Promoter – to start binding Operator – site that can be opened or closed

If Lactose Is Not Present… lac repressor binds to the operator switches the lac operon off blocks transcription Why waste energy to make protein if there is no sugar to break down??

If Lactose is present… lactose binds to the lac repressor repressor falls off the operator RNA polymerase can now fit! lac operon switches on transcription begins

Eukaryotic Gene Regulation genes are controlled individually involves more complex regulatory sequences than prokaryotes

Transcription Factors – Control gene expression DNA binding proteins control the expression of genes some enhance transcription some attract RNA polymerase some block access to genes

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