by Andreas Gross (Switzerland)

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Presentation transcript:

by Andreas Gross (Switzerland) www.andigross.ch info@andigross.ch The design of the Referendum process determines the quality of Referenda To discuss a useful design, you need to know why Direct Democracy may help us to overcome the crises of democracy Keynote speech to the 15th General Assembly of the ACEECO, Riga, 1 September 2006 by Andreas Gross (Switzerland) Director of the Scientific Institute for Direct Democracy in St. Ursanne (JU/CH) and Swiss MP& Member of PA of Council of Europe www.andigross.ch info@andigross.ch

Strengthening democracy by increasing citizen participation would help ecological change The way individuals think about and act in nature reflects the way the feel treated by the society Contribution to the Symposium VII “The Arctic: Mirror of Life” Greenland , September 8th 2007 by Andreas Gross (Switzerland) Director of the Scientific Institute for Direct Democracy in St. Ursanne (JU/CH) and Swiss MP& Member of PA of Council of Europe www.andigross.ch info@andigross.ch

We should overcome the banalisation of the term “Democracy” Democracy enables us to be free. Freedom enables us to act together on our common life (« Life is not a destiny ») Democracy constitutes the rules, rights and procedures to prevent conflicts to be solved violently Democracy is the only source for legitimate power

Indirect Democracy enables you to vote your representatives; Representative democracy is an essential part of Democracy. But it should not have the monopole of D. Indirect Democracy enables you to vote your representatives; Direct Democracy enables you to vote on important issues you don’t want to leave to your Representatives

Direct Democracy is about people voting on issues The Right to Vote on important issues contributes to the democratization of democracy and improves the political culture of a country More substance, more alternatives, more differentiation, more deepness, more individual knowledge and more social learning The Referendum (Peoples vote) is just the last stadium of a long process: Decisive is the question: Who may start the process, where,how?

The 3 cornerstones of modern Direct Democracy Secret vote by ballot-box, mail or internet : No assemblies Some citizens decide when all citizens may decide: No plesbiscites Issues (const./legisl. Reforms): No personal decisions

DD is a set of participatorial citizens rights - much more than just a referendum Const.Referendum Optional legislat. Referendum Const.pop.Initiative Threaty Referendum General/legislat. Initiative Konstruct.Referendum Financial Referendum Citizen Motion (To the Parliam.)

Which are the basic (“principal”)products of Direct Democracy’s best practices? Individual / collective communication & deliberations Power has to be shared Collective learning potentials political openness et legitimate polity Identification with the DD process (« Democratic patriotism »)

Implication of this intended DD-products for the DD-Design Shared power - low sign’requirement activating citizen - low sgn’requirement Communication - free sign gathering Deliberation - no antidelib.quorums Coop., no antag - you need time/ no bypassing of the parliam./interaction

Each level requires a specific DD-Design Communal and regional: Most complete DD-Design National level: General Initiative /Interface ID-DD/Fairness requirem. European level: Qualification/ Agenda / European Vote imposing