Human Digestive System Diseases/Disorders of the Human Digestive System

What happens when water is not reabsorbed by the large intestine?

Diarrhea http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ln_crYIBw00&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BYW6C44zo24&NR=1&feature=endscreen

Diarrhea intestinal disturbance increased peristaltic activity of the large intestine decreased water absorption results in increased, multiple, watery feces; may result severe dehydration especially in infants.

What happens when too much water reabsorbed by the large intestine?

Constipation

Constipation sluggish peristaltic movement too much water is reabsorbed the solid waste hardens large intestine is emptied with difficulty

What is this?

Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix due to infection.

A Gastric Ulcer

Ulcer open sore in the mucus membrane resulting from localized breakdown of tissues

Other Malfunctions of the Digestive System Ulcers are open sores in the interior wall of the digestive tract, most often in the stomach or the upper portion of the small intestine. The acid in gastric juice irritates the sores and causes pain or discomfort.

Bacteria cause ulcers

Gallstones

Gallstones

Gallstones are an accumulation of hardened cholesterol and/or deposits in the gall bladder. Cause - if your liver excretes more cholesterol than your bile can dissolve, the excess cholesterol may form into crystals and eventually into stones. Risk Factors Eating a high-fat diet Eating a high-cholesterol diet Eating a low-fiber diet

Colon Cancer

Endoscope

Colorectal Cancer SEER Incidence Rates. by Race and Ethnicity, U. S

Colorectal Cancer U.S. Death Rates* by Race and Ethnicity, 1975–2005

Colon cleansing http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Yziam3q7hE

liver

Crohn’s Disease chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract

Crohn’s Disease Symptoms General symptoms • Rectal bleeding • Persistent Diarrhea • Rectal bleeding • Urgent need to move bowels • Abdominal cramps and pain • Sensation of incomplete evacuation • Constipation (can lead to bowel obstruction) General symptoms • Fever • Loss of appetite • Weight Loss • Fatigue • Night sweats • Loss of normal menstrual cycle

Crohn’s Disease Cause ????? genetics, and/or environmental factors Diet and stress may aggravate Crohn’s Disease, but they do not cause the disease on their own

Crohn’s Disease Cause Autoimmune disease Harmless symbiotic bacteria are mistaken for harmful invaders and the immune system mounts a response. Cells travel out of the blood to the intestines and produce inflammation. Chronic inflammation leads to a patient’s symptoms.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome Syndrome - a group of symptoms that occur together Symptoms abdominal pain or discomfort, cramping, bowel movements that occur more or less often than usual stool that appears less solid and more watery, or harder and more lumpy, than usual bowel movements that improve the discomfort

Irritable Bowel Syndrome Brain-Gut Signal Problems; Altered levels of neurotransmitters and hormones - Hyper-reactivity of intestines (too much peristalsis) - Hypersensitivity to pain - Mental Health Problems - Bacterial infection; Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth - Genetics or Environmental? - Food sensitivity; allergies, absorption issues

Enjoy Your Lunch!