CSC 4630 Meeting 4 January 29, 2007.

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Presentation transcript:

CSC 4630 Meeting 4 January 29, 2007

Mysteries What do we need to resolve? What issues did the Moby Dick homework raise?

What About Shells What do you know about the UNIX shell?

The Shell A program, specifically a command interpreter Special properties Limited understand of regular expressions to denote sets of files I/O redirection User defined commands

Shell: Regular Expressions * matches any string, including the empty string. Equivalent to .* for grep [s] matches any single element of the set s. The set can include ASCII ranges, for example m-t designates the set {m n o p q r s t}

Shell: I/O Redirection Four symbols < Take input from > Send output to, overwriting what was previously there >> Send output to, appending new information to the end of the file | Use output from first command as input to second command

Shell: Command Interpreter Single word commands Names a file for execution, e.g. who means run the command file /bin/who Command termination newline semi-colon ; ampersand &

Shell: Command Interpreter (2) Command grouping: compare date; who (a sequence of commands on one line with date; who | wc (Which of ; and | has higher precedence?) with (date; who) | wc with date; (who | wc)

Shell: Command Interpreter (3) The ampersand means run the command in the background. Example: (sleep 5 ; date) & date

Shell: Exercises Compare ls junk and echo junk, where junk is the name of a file in the current directory. Compare ls / and echo / Compare ls and echo (given as commands with no arguments) Compare ls * and echo * Compare ls ‘*’ and echo ‘*’

Shell: Exercises (2) Explain the results of ls > ls.out Explain the results of wc temp > temp Explain the results of whom (given as a command without an argument) Compare who | sort and who > sort Compare cat file | pr with pr < file with pr file

Shell: Exercises (3) Explain the results of ls .*