Morbidity, cost, and six-month outcome of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting James A Magovern, MD, Daniel H Benckart, MD, Rodney J Landreneau, MD, Tamara Sakert, George J Magovern, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 66, Issue 4, Pages 1224-1229 (October 1998) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(98)00808-X
Fig 1 Flow velocity in the left internal mammary artery before harvesting. Of note is the predominant systolic flow pattern. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1998 66, 1224-1229DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(98)00808-X)
Fig 2 Flow velocity after grafting to the left anterior descending coronary artery. The flow is now predominantly during diastole. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1998 66, 1224-1229DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(98)00808-X)
Fig 3 Hospital cost for minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting (MIDCABG) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients by increasing preoperative risk level of the patients. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1998 66, 1224-1229DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(98)00808-X)
Fig 4 Postoperative length of hospital stay for minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting (MIDCABG) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients by increasing preoperative risk level of the patients. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1998 66, 1224-1229DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(98)00808-X)