Mobile IP

2 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip Evolution of Data Services Mobile IP GSM GPRS CDMA Other Cellular Circuit Switched Data Today Packet Data for GSM Packet Switching For Data Built-in Some AMPS and Non-AMPS Cellular Systems Have Packet Ability Today Cellular Systems Are Moving Toward Support for Packet Data This Is the Foundation for Mobile IP

3 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip CIP and MIP Cellular IP Draft for providing network access to mobile users within a small area (BS handover between a few cells) Mobile IP Macro mobility between CIP LANs and other NWs

4 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip MIP Requirements Mobile host must be able to change his LL attachement point without changing IP address and data loss Mobile host must be able to communicate with any other host in external networks No enhancements and changes to IP protocol Mobility messages transmitted over the NW must be encrypted

5 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip MIP Functionality Two new nodes are introduced HA – home agent FA – foreign agent MS currently not located in its home NW is serviced by FA FA takes care of all mobile users visiting the foreign NW FA notifies HA that MS is now reachable under FAs c/o (care of) address All date sent to MS will be routed to home NW where HA takes care of data packets Does IP encapsulation Routes them to c/o address Data from MS are directly forwarded to his home NW

6 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip Mobile IP Is the Solution for Wireless Connectivity Transparent interoperability with all other hosts Mobile always reachable at the same IP address Only the home agent needs to know the mobiles location All other routers do normal forwarding

7 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip Mobile IP The IETF proposed standard solution for mobility at Layer 3 RFCs 2002–2006 define the functionality Protocol works over any intermediate media Movement is transparent to hosts who communicate with the mobile user No IP address changes are needed to allow mobility

8 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip Overview: Mobile IP Functionality Mobile IP forms a layer 3 tunnel From Home Agent (HA) To the Mobile Node (MN) HA can continue to use its home address to receive IP Datagrams MN Internet ISP HA

9 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip Mobile IP FA MN HA MN Mobility Binding Table: MNCoA The Movement Is Transparent to all Other Devices Old Data Path New Data Path When the new Registration is received, a new COA is installed in the HA No Change Is Propagated to Correspondents FA MN RFC 2002

10 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip MIP Routing No optimized routing (roundabout route over HA) Inefficient tunnel from HA to FA (IP encapsulated in IP) Can be optimized with minimal encapsulation (RFCs 2003 and 2004) Can be implemented on top of existing GPRS mobility management Use GGSN as FA Router at home NW serves as HA

11 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip MSC EIR AUC HLR VLR BSC A Look Ahead for Cellular & PCS Backbone Transition From Circuit to Packet Packet network supports all backbone & backhaul BSC becomes a service element in the network MSC services begin to distribute to service elements BTS Backbone Completed packet network backbone

12 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip - GPRS - CDMA data - Mobile IP - Packet BTS - Packet gateways - PSTN and toll bypass - Feature servers - common IP infrastructure for 2G & 3G - high speed data / multimedia services - no MSC - innovative services everywhere Expected Market Evolution

13 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip PSTN Packets BTS Backhaul Low cost IP packet backhaul Reduced recurring costs Better bandwidth efficiency Positioned for 3G Network Migration 1 BTS Packet Backhaul IP GPRS

14 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip C 2G Voice / data Packet BTS Packet Network Internet Minimize MSC dependence VoIP Offload traffic PSTN/Toll Bypass services Data Services Network Migration 2 PSTN IP Circuit/Packet Gateways Circuit/Packet Gateways

15 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip Enhanced Services Feature servers APIs for 3rd parties Rapid service delivery Network Migration 3 Service Gateways Circuit/Packet Gateways

16 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip Feature Servers Call Control 3rd Pary Apps. Peer-to-Peer

17 N+I_2k © 2000, Peter Tomsu 02_mobile_ip MSC EIR AUC HLR VLR BTS Backhaul Todays Wireless Voice Network Complete packet network for backhaul and backbone BSC MSC EIR AUC HLR VLR New World Wireless Infrastructure BTS Backbone PSTN Internet Service Element Service Element Service Element ATM/IP New World Vision ATM-IP Enabled Infrastructure

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