Model Based System Engineering Approach to Managing Requirements in a Multi-Agency/Multi-Stakeholder Environment of Science and Technology/Research and Development Projects Magda Batista-Carver Federal Aviation Administration – Electrical Computer Engineer The George Washington University EMSE PhD Candidate Dr. Thomas Mazzuchi, D. Sc. Dr. Shahram Sarkani, Ph.D., P.E. May 16, 2012

Overview Motivation Challenges with Traditional Systems Engineering Improving Management of Complex System Development Why MBSE Conceptual Model Application Analysis Framework Notional Application Model Conclusion

Challenges with Traditional SE Traditional System Engineering is paper based Acceptable for smaller/single user systems Large complex system development proves to be immensely challenging Difficult to understand, track, manage and articulate effects of requirements changes Document management approach does not support effective communication among distributed teams Limited validation and verification resulting in late identification of issues Poses development risk to projects operating in S&T/R&D environment

Motivation As the US debt increases, there is less funding available for Science &Technology (S&T)/Research & Development (R&D) Government Agency projects Government Agencies repeatedly criticized for long development and acquisition cycles Government agencies are pooling their funds for projects of similar interests resulting in System Engineers needing to address multi-agency requirements and complex project missions during product development These complex projects need to be seamlessly integrated into a complex system of systems Complex S&T systems development requires more robust, efficient and effective ways to manage requirements than traditional SE

Improving Management of Complex System Development Model Base System Engineering (MSBE) approach is more suitable for development of complex systems in the multi-stakeholder environment. What is MBSE? Layered approach to system development and requirements management Stresses common language and term definition at the beginning Uses modeling throughout the system’s lifecycle to support Systems engineering and systems development Design and analysis Verification and validation Supports integration of diverse models To fully specify and analyze systems

Why Model Based System Engineering? Modeling performed at all layers of development Improved approach to requirements validation and verification Improved understanding of the overall system being developed Early identification of problems Cost avoidance potential Improved overall productivity

Conceptual Model

Application Potential Case Study Joint Strike Fighter (J-35) is a multi-agency/multi-national program under development since 2001 Since achieving design maturity in 2007, JSF has undergone over 20,000 changes Current total acquisition cost is $283 B, a cost growth of 34.7% of the baseline total acquisition cost Currently estimating a 5 year schedule slip for system development

Analysis Framework Multi-Agency/Multi-Stakeholder R&D/S&T Project Joint Strike Fighter (J-35) STOVL CV CTOL

Notional Application

Conclusions Organizations are moving towards more complex system development in collaboration with other organization who have similar needs/interests Acquisition timelines are lengthy, costly and often times result in programs not meeting all of the intended scope MBSE can potentially address some of the challenges not met by traditional SE in a Multi-Stakeholder environment Define terms from all stakeholders early in development process Develop systems in increasing layers of complexity Improve communications between developers and stakeholders Allow for understanding of requirements changes to overall system

Thank You! Contact Information Magda Batista-Carver (202) 385-6119 magda.batista-carver@faa.gov Thomas A. Mazzuchi, D.Sc. (202) 994-7541 mazzu@gwu.edu Shahram Sarkani, Ph.D., P.E (888) 694-9627 sarkani@gwu.edu

References Azizian, N., Mazzuchi, T., Sarkani, S. & Rico, D. (2011). A Framework for Evaluating Technology Readiness, System Quality, and Program Performance of U.S. DoD Acquisitions. Systems Engineering (14)4. Director, Operational Test and Evaluation FY 2011 Annual Report. Estefan, J. (2007). Survey of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) Methodologies. INCOSE MBSE Focus Group. Government Accountability Office (2010). Joint Strike Fighter Additional Costs and Delays Risk Not Meeting Warfighter Requirements on Time. GAO-10-382. Government Accountability Office (2010). Joint Strike Fighter Significant Challenges Remain as DoD Restructures Program. GAO-10-520T. Government Accountability Office (2011). Joint Strike Fighter Restructuring Places Program on Firmer Footing, but Progress is Still Lacking. GAO-11-677T. Goyette, E., Hein, J., Lamar, B. & Ring, S. (2005). Integrated Architecture-Based Portfolio Investment Strategies. 10th International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium, The Future of C2.

References continued Harvey, D. & Logan, P. (2010). Architecting the Problem Space: An Architecture Framework-Based Method for Definition of User Requirements. 4Th Asian-Pacific Conference on Systems Engineering (APCOSE 2010), Keelung, Tawain. INCOSE (2011) Systems Engineering Handbook (Version 3.2.1). OMG (2012). MBSE Wiki. Retrieved on April 23, 2012 at http://www.omgwiki.org/MBSE/doku.php Ramos, A.L., Ferreira, J.V., and Barcelo, J. (2012). Model-Based Systems Engineering: An Emerging Approach for Modern Systems. Systems, Man and Cybernetics, IEEE Transactions on 42(1) 101 – 111. Rouse, W. B and Sage, A.P (2009). Handbook of Systems Engineering and Management (2nd edition). John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Vitech (2011). A Primer for Model-Based System Engineering (2nd edition). Vitech Corporation.