Cardiovascular complications in chronic kidney disease

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American Journal of Kidney Diseases

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Cardiovascular complications in chronic kidney disease Mark J Sarnak, MD American Journal of Kidney Diseases Volume 41, Pages 11-17 (June 2003) DOI: 10.1016/S0272-6386(03)00372-X

Fig 1 CVD mortality (death from arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, atherosclerotic heart disease, and pulmonary edema) in the general population (GP) compared with patients with ESRD treated by dialysis. Reprinted with permission.2 American Journal of Kidney Diseases 2003 41, 11-17DOI: (10.1016/S0272-6386(03)00372-X)

Fig 2 Kaplan-Meier curve showing mortality in patients with ESRD by Hgb level. Reprinted with permission.14 American Journal of Kidney Diseases 2003 41, 11-17DOI: (10.1016/S0272-6386(03)00372-X)

Fig 3 Relative mortality risk by serum phosphorus quintiles in 6,407 patients with renal disease who had been on hemodialysis therapy for at least 1 year. Reprinted with permission.18 American Journal of Kidney Diseases 2003 41, 11-17DOI: (10.1016/S0272-6386(03)00372-X)

Fig 4 Coronary calcification in dialysis patients compared with nonrenal disease patients with or without CAD. Reprinted with permission.19 American Journal of Kidney Diseases 2003 41, 11-17DOI: (10.1016/S0272-6386(03)00372-X)

Fig 5 Probability of overall survival in patients with ESRD with aortic stiffening, divided into tertiles. Patients in the highest tertile (pulse wave velocity [PWV] >12 milliseconds) were 5.4 times as likely to die of any cause than those in the lowest tertile (PWV < 9.4 milliseconds) and 5.9 times as likely to die of cardiovascular causes. Reprinted with permission.23 American Journal of Kidney Diseases 2003 41, 11-17DOI: (10.1016/S0272-6386(03)00372-X)

Fig 6 Median percentage of change at 52 weeks in (A) coronary calcification and (B) aortic calcification compared with baseline in patients randomly assigned to sevelamer (■) or a calcium-containing phosphate binder (□). Reprinted with permission.25 American Journal of Kidney Diseases 2003 41, 11-17DOI: (10.1016/S0272-6386(03)00372-X)