SKIN

Structure of Skin

Functions of Skin: Sensation Heat Regulation Absorption Protection Excretion Secretion Vitamin D formation Shapes VD

Vitamin D Production

Layers of the Epidermis Stratum Corneum Stratum Lucidum Stratum Granulosum Stratum Spinosum Stratum Germinativum Come Lets Go See Grandad!

Epidermis Thick skin (on palms, fingertips, soles) has 5 strata. Thin skin has only 4. The stratum lucidum is absent and the other layers are visibly thinner. Stratum Basale—deepest layer. Attached to the dermis. Sometimes called the stratum germinativum because of the constant mitosis that occurs there.

Dermis Made mostly of connective tissue. The hide of the human body. Richly innervated and vascularized. Contains the hair follicles, sweat glands, oil glands, lymphatic vessels, and many sensory receptors

Melanocytes—synthesize melanin. Located at the deepest layer of the epidermis.. Protects against UV damage.

Sweat Sweat Glands— more than 2.5 million per person. Eccrine sweat glands—coil in the dermis, a duct leads to a pore at the skin’s superficial surface. Sweat contents: water, urea How does sweat work? Apocrine sweat glands—in the axillary and anogenital areas. Empty into hair follicles. Contains fatty substances and proteins. May cause body odor. Begin to function at puberty. May contain pheromones

Sebaceous glands Oil glands. Found everywhere except the palms and soles. Secrete sebum. Usually secreted into hair follicles. Bactericidal + other functions

Skin Disorders: Acne vulgaris caused by? Caused by a virus

Fungal Infections Occur in warm, moist areas of body Tinea pedis: fungal infection that thrives in warmth & dampness; often referred to as Athlete’s Foot or ringworm

Skin disorders and diseases Contact Dermatitis Basal Cell Carcinoma Melanoma Gangrene Herpes Zoster

Ganglion Impetigo Gout Herpes Simplex

Psoriasis Eczema

Abnormal Skin Pigmentation Cyanosis Jaundice

Skin Revision Name the two layers of the skin The skin has many functions, including elimination of waste products and production of melanin. List two other functions of the skin. Describe a verruca

Dermatitis is a common condition found on the skin Dermatitis is a common condition found on the skin. Give a possible cause for this condition, and describe how you would effectively treat someone with reflexology presenting with this condition. What is the name of the chemical produced by the body during an allergic reaction? Name the layers of the epidermis

At what layer does “cell birth” or reproduction occur in the skin? Give an example of a bacterial infection of the skin Give an example of a fungal infection of the skin