China Reunified Chapter 8, Section 1

What was the role of women in many African socieites? Opening Question, 9/20 What was the role of women in many African socieites?

Sui Dynasty 587-618 Unified China Sui Yangdi Second emperor Completed Grand Canal Built link between the Huang He and Chang Jiang rivers, making it easier to ship rice and other goods. Cruel Forced labor, high taxes, lavish lifestyle, and military failures caused rebellion. Yangdi was murdered, and ended the dynasty.

Tang Dynasty 618-907 Restored civil service exam Gave land to peasants, breaking up the power of large estates Expanded control to Tibet Unrest started under Tan Xuanzang, and during the 8th century, the dynasty weakened by rebellions. Tang leaders hired Uighurs to fight for the dynasty.

Song Dynasty 960-1279 Capital moved to Hangzhou because of unrest early on. 1200’s: Mongols carried out wars of conquest and built a vast empire.

Government and Economy Starting in the Sui dynasty, as with the Han, China was a monarchy with a large bureaucracy and Confucian ideals. Between the Sui and Song dynasties, the economy grew in size and complexity. During civil unrest, aristocratic families took control of most of the land, and peasants became serfs or slaves. (This was weakened during the Song) Tang: Started to make steel using cast and wrought iron in a blast furnace heated by coal. Gunpowder was also invented and used with a fire-lance. Trade began to revive under the Tang dynasty, and the Silk Road was revived. The Tang and Song dynasties were ages of prosperity.

Chinese Society Marco Polo visited during the Song dynasty Scholar-gentry: Controlled much of the land and produced most of the civil service candidates. Wu Zhao: Tang dynasty. Gained power in 683. Strong but ruthless ruler. Formed alliance with Korea and lowered taxes. Dowries were required to be given by families of girls, and poor families often sold their daughters to more wealthy families.

How did the Tang and Sui rulers differ? Closing question, 9/20 How did the Tang and Sui rulers differ?