Building digital libraries for all Jesper Klein The Marrakesh Treaty in Action: Implementing the Treaty and More Ideas for Accessible Digital Reading  International seminar for libraries March 12 2019, Helsinki Central Library Oodi, Maijansali

As libraries we want to make a difference in peoples lives As libraries we want to make a difference in peoples lives. From cradle to grave. All walks of life. All personas.

I believe a great universal design based reading experience is on its way I will talk about * 20 years of development of accessible reading * Digital books and digital transformation * What libraries can do to become digital libraries for all

The DAISY Consortium – supports three good things 1) Libraries serving people with print disabilities 2) Accessible reading in the mainstream 3) Capacity building, extend to new geographical areas Creating the best way to read and publish daisy.org inclusivepublishing.org

Growing in many markets  digital=norm? Mostly in commercial sector (retail) and academic libraries, not as much public libraries Monthly subscription ”all you can eat” User stays ”inside” the service Audio and read aloud, text + audio

Book famine… Over 90% of all published materials cannot be read by blind or print-disabled people, leading to a "book famine." World Blind Union in 2011

at least 5-10 % of the population

Reading with eyes, ears and fingers 1999

Reading with eyes, ears and fingers 2019

Specialised libraries for people with disabilities – great, but plateauing? Number of digital loans Number of users Danish Library and Expertise Center for people with print disabilities.

born digital = born accessible?

People with disabilities should be able to read... the same titles the same format at the same time get the same information about the books via the same distribution channel using the same reading app at the same cost .. as everyone else George Kerscher Chief Inovations Officer, DAISY Consortium Senior Advisor, Global Literacy, Benetech President IDPF Valfri text i sidfoten. Justera text via menyfliken Infoga, knappen Sidh./sidfot

The digital publishing process Authoring ebook production Discovery and Distribution Reading app etc User

To realize the born accessible vision… increased availability of digital content – old and new content that conforms with accessibility standards accessible services - for discovery, purchase, library lending accessible reading experience user digital skills Authoring ebook production Discovery and Distribution Reading app etc User

EPUB 3? – YES! Determinant moment release of apple bookstore and the ibooks app 2010

EPUB – the open standard for digital books Based on Open Web Standards EPUB is dynamic and adaptable Supported by the major mobile devices NOT designed for print fidelity Supports MathML Searchable & Easier to Translate Create & Share Annotations Change Fonts & Styles Dynamically Text to Speech & Media Overlay No More Pinch, Zoom, and Pan!

Build digital libraries for all - why?

2019: International standards and legislation supporting inclusive digital library services in place DIRECTIVE (EU) 2016/2102 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 26 October 2016 on the accessibility of the websites and mobile applications of public sector bodies IFLA “…the right of people with a print disability to equitable access to all library and information services and supports international and territorial legislation that fights disability discrimination” IFLA manifesto for libraries serving persons with a print disability, 2012 MARRAKESH TREATY to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled

Why digital public library services Why digital public library services? – great for children and young people Daily internet use children 0-10 years in Sweden 2018 (percent) Reading skills 15 year olds Sweden 2000-2015 (PISA)

at least 5-10 % of the population read with eyes, ears and fingers Why digital public library services? – great for people with disabilities at least 5-10 % of the population read with eyes, ears and fingers

Why digital public library services? – great for people with low income Percentage of people with low economic standard in Sweden 1991-2016 Percentage of population who subscribe to online video/tv/film (Netflix et al) in Sweden in different income groups 2017-2018

Why digital public library services Why digital public library services? – great for minorities and immigrant populations Sweden has four official minority languages and 20 % of Swedens population are born outside Sweden

Digital public libraries – for all! As libraries we want to make a difference in peoples lives. From cradle to grave. All walks of life. All personas.

Retail leaving public libraries behind in digital? PHYSICAL BOOKS DIGITAL BOOKS Sold copies retail Number of loans public libraries Sold copies retail Number of loans public libraries

The position of libraries? ”All books available to all people” Inclusive services targeting prioritized groups MASSIVE! Ebooks = 39 % of all books sales 2017

Number of ebook loans per capita in 2017 (public libraries) Cost per ebook library loan 2017 (EUR) SWEDISH PUBLIC LIBRARIES

eReolen (DK) - best in class?

Popularity/ commercial value Hot titles – high friction lending model - ”hold” Luke warm titles – medium friction – use volume based Low commercial value – low friction - annual fee, contractual license with rightsholders The long tail of books (published since beginning of time…)

The role of public libraries Authoring ebook production Discovery and Distribution Reading app etc User

Make sure content conforms EPUB 3.1 EPUB Accessibility 1.0 ACE by DAISY Authoring ebook production Discovery and Distribution Reading app etc User

Make it large scale and library owned Library Simplified Open source library platform used by among many NYPL eReolen Denmark Nation wide service provided by library consortium Onlinebibliotheek Netherlands Provided by National library of the Netherlands

Discovery and Distribution Two library infrastructure initiatives for a great inclusive reading experience… 1) open source development of reading apps and improved DRM systems 2) Accessibility evaulation of reading apps inclusivepublishing.org Authoring ebook production Discovery and Distribution Reading app etc User

A new national library strategy for Sweden Delivered on March 7 2019 to Ministry of Culture https://www.kb.se/om-oss/nationell-biblioteksstrategi.html 14 reports 2016-2019 Biblioteket i skyn - on digital library services https://bit.ly/2EV3Dlp (in Swedish, sorry…)

Why a national e and audio book service? ”To support knowledge, learning and reading by making it easier to access and make use of a wider and more relevant collection of reading materials on equal conditions all over Sweden” Key Performace Indicators * Usage * Active users Geographic spread Prio groups * User satisfaction * Collection width and relevance

As public libraries: – take control of your digital books services and become a digital library for all! Content is king – get better deals Scale up and get Buypower Both Discovery and Consumption UX & accessibility Digital skills Languages and immigrant populations

daisy.org inclusivepublishing.org

Thank you! Jesper Klein The Marrakesh Treaty in Action: Implementing the Treaty and More Ideas for Accessible Digital Reading  International seminar for libraries March 12 2019, Helsinki Central Library Oodi, Maijansali