Chapter 5, Lesson 2 ACOS #5: Identify major leaders in colonial society. ACOS #5d: Identify geographic features, landforms, and differences in climates among the colonies. ACOS #5e: Describe emerging colonial governments. ACOS #5f: Describe the development of the emerging labor force in the colonies.

Key Vocabulary Words Town meeting – a gathering of qualified voters where colonists held elections and voted on the laws for their communities. Self-government – when people make laws for themselves. The government of a community, state, or nation by the people living in the place; a democracy. Dissenter – a person who disagrees strongly or refuses to go along with what his or her leaders believe. Banish – to drive someone out of their home as a punishment.

New England Colonies This lesson focuses on the New England Colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire. Main Idea: Religion was at the center of Puritan government and community life.

Massachusetts The Puritan control: Puritans were English colonists who settled in New England They wanted to follow the rules of the Bible. It shaped the government of Massachusetts. On Sundays, the town gathered at the meetinghouse for church. This was the most important building in a Puritan community

Town Meeting Community members came to the meeting house at least once a year for a town meeting. A town meeting was a gathering where colonists held elections and voted on the laws for their towns. In Massachusetts, everyone could attend town meetings but only men who owned property could vote. Puritans had more self-government than people in most other European colonies.

Self Government When people make laws for themselves. The Puritans had some experience with self government. In England, Parliament was elected by the people. Cultural Regions

Dissenters Some colonists thought that Puritan leaders should not tell them how to act. These people were known as dissenters. A dissenter is a person who does not agree with the beliefs of his or her leaders. They used heavily populated forests to build ships and buildings. They caught fish and whales from the Atlantic to use for food and other products.

Roger Williams Roger Williams was a dissenter Puritan leaders believed that everyone had to follow the same religious laws. Roger Williams wanted more religious freedom. He believed the government should not make laws about religion.

Banish Puritan leaders did not like Roger Williams and his views. They decided to banish him from Massachusetts. Banish means to FORCE someone to leave. One important cash crop grown in the tidewater region was tobacco. By the 1650s, Virginia and Maryland were exporting almost five million pounds of tobacco every year.

Rhode Island Roger Williams founded a new colony. He named the island Rhode Island. People could worship freely. Williams kept the government separate from the church. This was an important event in the history of religious freedom for us today.

Anne Hutchinson She was another dissenter who challenged Puritan church leaders. Anne Hutchinson criticized Puritan ministers and held meetings in her home where men and women talked about religion. This angered the Puritan and she, too, was banished. She moved to Rhode Island.

Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Maine Thomas Hooker also did not like Puritan rules. He led 100 colonists and create the colony of Connecticut. Other colonists moved north and settled in New Hampshire and Maine. Life in the backcountry was difficult. In some areas, there was no well-established government, and conflicts with American Indians were common.

Conflicts Over Land Colonists & Indians disagreed over land. Indians believed the land belonged to everyone and no one should own it. Colonists believed when they bought the land, it was theirs. This led to war. The Pequot War broke out and most of the Pequot Indians died.

The Pequot War Events leading up to the Pequot War

Metacomet Leader of the Wampanoag nation. He was known to the colonists as King Phillip. He attacked the colonists and lost. He was defeated and the remaining Indians were forced to leave or become slaves.

Review: Lesson 2 In what ways were Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson alike? *They were both dissenters. *They were both banished because they spoke out against Puritan leaders. *They both ended up living in Rhode Island. What caused the Pequot War? Colonists and Pequots fought over land. Who was allowed to vote in Massachusetts? Only male colonists who were landowners. Why did Metacomet lead his people to war against the colonists? He believed the Indians had to fight to stay on their lands. Northwest Coast