THE BALLAD
Beginnings short, simple narrative songs part of the oral tradition of storytelling from Scottish borderlands, during medieval times Scottish dialect that can be difficult to understand
Characteristics impersonal - author is anonymous & non-judgmental dramatic - sudden shifts in speaker & scene -little dialogue concentrated - few facts -rapid movement - aura of mystery
incantatory - repeating of words in a magical spell ironic understatement bizarre contrasts incantatory - repeating of words in a magical spell stock expressions refrain repetition with variation simple verse form
Ballad Verse Form common ballad stanza - 4 lines 1st & 3rd lines have 4 stresses 2nd & 4th lines have 3 stresses
Subject Matter Generally some kind of injustice: political, domestic, romantic Purpose was to arouse strong opinions/feelings American ballads follow same ideas Examples: Ballad of Davey Crocket; Yankee Doodle; Barbara Allen; John Henry Most famous in England is Robin Hood