Lipid emulsion pretreatment has different effects on mepivacaine and bupivacaine cardiac toxicity in an isolated rat heart model† C. Aumeier, B. Kasdorf,

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Lipid emulsion pretreatment has different effects on mepivacaine and bupivacaine cardiac toxicity in an isolated rat heart model† C. Aumeier, B. Kasdorf, M. Gruber, H. Busse, C.H. Wiese, W. Zink, B.M. Graf, Y.A. Zausig British Journal of Anaesthesia Volume 112, Issue 4, Pages 735-741 (April 2014) DOI: 10.1093/bja/aet353 Copyright © 2014 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Study protocol: steady state, stabilization phase of heart function; lipid pretreatment, phase of lipid infusion; T1, time until the occurrence of a 1 min period of asystole; T2, time until the recurrence of the first heart beat after asystole; and T3, 60 min recovery phase. Bupi, bupivacaine; Mepi, mepivacaine; Lipid, lipid emulsion; LA, local anaesthetic. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2014 112, 735-741DOI: (10.1093/bja/aet353) Copyright © 2014 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 RPP of bupivacaine perfusion under control conditions (Bupi) or with lipid pretreatment (Bupi+Lipid) from the start until end of the experiment. Bupi or Bupi+Lipid were infused until the first minute after the start of asystole. The RPP for each minute is presented as mean (se). The adjusted P-values were not significant. *P<0.05. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2014 112, 735-741DOI: (10.1093/bja/aet353) Copyright © 2014 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 RPP of mepivacaine perfusion under control conditions (Mepi) or with lipid pretreatment (Mepi+Lipid) from the start until end of the experiment. Mepi or Mepi+Lipid were infused until the first minute after the start of asystole. The RPP for each minute is presented as mean (se). The adjusted P-values were significant for minutes 6 and 7. *P<0.05. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2014 112, 735-741DOI: (10.1093/bja/aet353) Copyright © 2014 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions