Biology 12 Respiration Gas Exchange.

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Biology 12 Respiration Gas Exchange

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Diffusion Movement of solute from high concentration to low concentration Oxygen DIFFUSE to capillary Carbon dioxide DIFFUSE to alveoli

Gas Exchange Gas Inhaled Exhaled Oxygen 21% 15% Carbon Dioxide 0.04% Water 1.3% 6% What do you notice? What do you wonder about?

External Respiration Movement of gas from alveoli of the lungs to the capillaries of the circulatory system Pco2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) and Po2 (partial pressure of oxygen) refer to amount of each gas Move from high partial pressure to area of low partial pressure

External Respiration Blood in capillaries have higher Pco2 than the alveoli CO2 diffuses out of the blood into the lungs The alveoli have higher Po2 than the capillaries O2 diffuses out of the lungs into the blood

External Respiration Where does the oxygen go????

Internal Respiration Movement of gas from the capillaries of the circulatory system to the all cells of the body

Internal Respiration Cells have higher Pco2 than the capillaries CO2 diffuses out of the cells into the blood Blood in capillaries have higher Po2 than the cells O2 diffuses out of the blood into the cells

How does the gas travel between the lungs and the cells? Oxygen Attaches to hemoglobin on red blood cells Oxyhemoglobin (Hbo2 )

How does the gas travel between the lungs and the cells? Carbon Dioxide 1) Dissolved in the plasma (minimal) 2) Attached to hemoglobin (minimal) -Carbamino hemoglobin (Hbco2 ) 3) As bicarbonate ion (HCO3- ) (majority) CO2 + H2O  H2CO3  HCO3- + H+ (first step uses Carbonic Anhydrase enzyme)

H+ Buffer The blood needs pH to be constant ~7.4 What can happen? Alkalosis- Result of hyperventilation High pH ….. decrease in H+ Dizziness and twitching Acidosis- Hypoventilation Increase in H + Coma and die Can also bind to hemoglobin Decrease in HHb (reduced hemoglin)

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