11.6.2, 11.6.5 EQ: What major issues did the Second New Deal address?

1936 D Franklin Roosevelt 27,752,869 523 R Alfred M. Landon 16,674,665 531 D Franklin Roosevelt 27,752,869 523 R Alfred M. Landon 16,674,665 8 U William Lemke 882,479 -- What does this suggest about the way Americans felt about how FDR was handling the New Deal?

Second New Deal (1935 – 1938) Works Projects Administration (WPA) Harry Hopkins spent $11 billion to provide 8 million jobs economist John Maynard Keynes argued the government should spend money to end the depression the WPA focused on big projects but also funded art and music 650,000 miles of roads 78,000 bridges 125,000 buildings presented 225,000 concerts for 150 million+ commissioned almost 475,000 works of art wages varied from $19-94/month

Second New Deal (1935 – 1938) Central Valley Project created series of dams and canals for N. California provides water, electricity and recreation for millions in CA 3,000,000 acres of irrigated land $300 billion revenue, as of about 2000 7 million acre feet of water annually electricity for 2 million Californians

Second New Deal (1935 – 1938) Bonneville Dam major dam on the Columbia River

Second New Deal (1935 – 1938) Social Security, 1935 new tax on income to raise money for old-age pensions money also given to the unemployed and the disabled some groups like farmers and homemakers were excluded the program has been expanded over the years and still exists today Medicare and Medicaid

Organized Labor and the New Deal National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) created to look into workers’ complaints Wagner Act, 1935 recognized the right of unions to collectively bargain on issues such as wages, hours, and benefits Minimum Wage originally set at 25c with a maximum 44 hour work week Fair Labor Standards Act, 1938 also finally outlawed child labor

Organized Labor and the New Deal AFL-CIO, John L. Lewis led negotiations with big companies like General Motors used sit-down strike to avoid violence union membership rose dramatically

Controversies from the New Deal Court Packing, 1937 several New Deal programs were thrown out by the Supreme Court FDR wanted to appoint 6 new judges so they would support him public opinion turned against him and he dropped the idea FDR will eventually appoint 8 justices due to retirements and old age

Controversies from the New Deal Government Regulation of the Economy laissez-faire was gone forever the government today regulates or influences almost every aspect of the economy interest rates, money supply, business mergers, FDR’s supporters said he saved capitalism from itself

Controversies from the New Deal Welfare State government is responsible for the welfare of the children, the elderly, the disabled, and the poor since the New Deal, debate has been not whether the gov should help but how Deficit Spending under FDR the government spent more than it had this created a national debt

Controversies from the New Deal FDR Increased the Power of Presidency elected 4 times ending the two-term tradition the 22nd amendment made two terms the limit used the media to get support for his ideas took control of the economy created many new programs run by the bureaucracy which worked for the President Social Security, SEC, WPA raised expectations of the presidency

Answers: 1. C 2. A

Essential Question – 1 paragraph, SUTW What major issues did the Second New Deal address?