Simple Dominant Traits

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 12 Patterns of Heredity and Human Genetics
Advertisements

Patterns of Heredity and Human Genetics
PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE AND HUMAN GENETICS
 What’s a “mutagen”?  What does a mutation do to DNA?  If a mutation affects a gene, then what might happen to the protein sequence?
Chapter 12: Patterns of Heredity & Human Genetics
Chapter 12: Patterns of Heredity & Human Genetics
Human Heredity.
Genetic Disorders inheritance patterns brief review - A Karyotype It’s a Boy!
Human Heredity Section 14–1
BIOLOGY BINGO GENETICS. HemophiliaDominant Color-blindnessCarrier Cystic fibrosisPKU Tay-sachsHuman blood Klinfelters syndromeGenetics Sickle cell anemiaAlleles.
Genetic Disorders.
Human Genetics Review – What is a GENE? A gene is the unit that controls traits Genes are passed from parents to offspring Genes are located on our chromosomes.
Simple Inheritance, Pedigrees, & Karyotypes Pedigrees Similar to family trees graphicA graphic representation of genetic inheritance.
DOMINANT AND RECESSIVE TRAITS ATTACHED / UNATTACHED EARLOBES UNATTACHEDATTACHED DOMINANTRECESSIVE.
Inherited Diseases Autosomal Recessive and Autosomal Dominant Patterns of Inheritance.
 Genetic Family Tree  Maps only one trait at a time.
Week 4 Prevalent Human Genetic Disorders Biology.
Genetic Disorders & Chromosomal Mutations Chapter 12.
Patterns of Heredity and Human Genetics.  Pedigree – made up of a set of symbols that identify males and females, the individuals affected by a trait.
Genetic Diseases & Disorders Biology Huntington’s disease-- lethal genetic disorder resulting in a breakdown in areas of the brain. Onset occurs between.
Chapter 14 – Human Genome.
Diseases and karyotypes
COMPLEX PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE. Simple Dominant Traits SimpleSimple dominant dominant traits need only 1 allele in order to express phenotype – RR RR.
Biology Chapter 12 Patterns of Heredity & Human Genetics.
Genetic Diseases & Disorders Biology Genetics Diseases outline Dominant 1. Huntington’s Recessive 1. Cystic fibrosis 2. Sickle-cell anemia 3. Tay-Sachs.
Chapter 12 Patterns of Heredity And Human Genetics.
Genetic Disorders Cystic Fibrosis
Chapter 12 Patterns of Heredity and Human Genetics.
HUMAN TRAITS. PEDIGREE * CHART OF RELATIONSHIPS WITH A FAMILY; DETERMINES GENOTYPES OF TRAITS OF MEMBERS.
1 Chapter 12 College Prep Biology Patterns of Heredity & Human Genetics.
Some Genetic Disorders
Inherited Genetic Disorders & Pedigrees
Single Gene Inheritance
Human Inheritance Chapter 12.
LO: SWBAT explain the difference between chromosome mutations and gene mutations and give an example of each. DN: Quiz HW: Review Book- Biochemistry.
Heredity and Genetics Chapter 12.1.
Chapter 12: Patterns of Heredity & Human Genetics
Section 1: Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance
MONOHYBRID CROSSES. Among dogs wire hair is a dominant over smooth. If a heterozygous wire haired male is crossed with a homozygous smooth haired female,
Chapters 6 and 7; Patterns of Heredity
Human Genetic Disorders
Human Genetics By Diana Bivens.
Genetic Disorders.
Human Heredity.
Human Heredity.
BIOLOGY NOTES GENETICS PART 5 PAGES ,
Analyzing Human Inheritance
Mendelian Inheritance of Human Traits
Section Objectives: Interpret a pedigree.
Chapter 14.1 Human Heredity.
Karyotypes and Pedigrees
GENETIC DISORDERS.
Do Now Question If there was a chance you inherited a genetic disease (but did not yet have it) and a genetic test for the disease was available, would.
& Human Heredity January 6th/7th, 2008
Human Heredity.
BIOLOGY NOTES GENETICS PART 5 PAGES ,
Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance
Patterns of Heredity and Human Genetics
COMPLEX PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE
Genetic Recombination
Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity
BIOLOGY NOTES GENETICS PART 5 PAGES ,
Complex Patterns of Inheritance
Take 5 Which phase in meiosis do the tetrads break and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell? Which phase in meiosis do the chromosomes (paired chromatids)
Human Genetics.
Patterns of Heredity and Human Genetics
Chapter 14 The Human Genome.
Complex Patterns of Inheritance
Genetic Disorders & Chromosomal Mutations
Inheritance Patterns Mendelian and Complex.
Presentation transcript:

Simple Dominant Traits Simple dominant traits need only 1 allele in order to express phenotype – RR or Rr Examples: Huntington’s disease Cleft chin, widow’s peak

Simple Dominant Traits 1 homozygous dominant 2 heterozygous 1 homozygous recessive R r RR Rr rr R r

Human Genetics Vocabulary Autosomes Karyotype: chart that shows all of one individual’s chromosomes arranged in pairs (one from mom, one from dad) Autosomes: non-sex chromosomes (chromsomes #1-22) Sex chromosomes: Chromosomes that determine an individual’s gender (chromosome #23 – X and Y) Sex chromosomes

Autosomal Dominant Disorder: Huntington’s Huntington's disease is an inherited disease that causes the progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain. Huntington's disease has a broad impact on a person's functional abilities and usually results in movement, thinking (cognitive) and psychiatric disorders.

Simple Recessive Disorders Recessive Disorders affect offspring with 2 recessive alleles (homozygous recessive) Most genetic disorders are caused by recessive alleles

Recessive Disorders Cystic Fibrosis 1 in 28 white Americans carry recessive allele Defective PROTEIN in plasma membrane that results in accumulation of mucus in lungs and digestive tract Average life expectancy about 30 years

Recessive Disorders Tay-Sachs Absence of ENZYME that breaks down LIPIDS Lipids accumulate in nerve cells that leads to progressive loss of muscular and neural function Death usually by about 5 years of age

Phenylketonuria (PKU) Recessive Disorders Phenylketonuria (PKU) Absence of ENZYME to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine Phenylalanine cannot be broken down Accumulates in cells, damages Central Nervous System, leading to mental retardation