Understanding Water Potential

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Tendency of water to favor one side more than another. Water moves from an area of high potential to low potential. Predicts which way water diffuses.

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Presentation transcript:

Understanding Water Potential

Water potential equation: Water potential (ψ): H2O moves from high ψ  low ψ potential Water potential equation: ψ = ψS + ψP Water potential (ψ) = free energy of water Solute potential (ψS) = solute concentration (osmotic potential) Pressure potential (ψP) = physical pressure on solution; turgor pressure (plants) Pure water: ψP = 0 MPa Plant cells: ψP = 1 MPa

Calculating Solute Potential (ψS) ψS = -iCRT i = ionization constant (# particles made in water) C = molar concentration R = pressure constant (0.0831 liter bars/mole-K) T = temperature in K (273 + °C) The addition of solute to water lowers the solute potential (more negative) and therefore decreases the water potential.

Where will WATER move? From an area of: higher ψ  lower ψ (more negative ψ) low solute conc.  high solute conc. high pressure  low pressure

Which chamber has a lower water potential? Which chamber has a lower solute potential? In which direction will osmosis occur? If one chamber has a Ψ of -2000 kPa, and the other -1000 kPa, which is the chamber that has the higher Ψ?

Sample Problem Calculate the solute potential of a 0.1M NaCl solution at 25°C. If the concentration of NaCl inside the plant cell is 0.15M, which way will the water diffuse if the cell is placed in the 0.1M NaCl solution?