SOL CE.10 – The Judicial System Study Guide Answers

1. What document organizes and setups the jurisdiction of the U. S 1. What document organizes and setups the jurisdiction of the U.S. courts? U.S. Constitution 2. Which U.S. court has original jurisdiction over federal crimes? U.S. District Court 3. The U.S. Court of Appeals hears appeals from what U.S. court?

4. What court is the highest court in the U. S 4. What court is the highest court in the U.S. and the final court of appeal? U.S. Supreme Court 5. Which U.S. court can use a jury to determine guilt? U.S. District Court 6. Which federal court has appellate and limited original jurisdiction?

7. What word means the right of a court to hear a case and make a decision? Jurisdiction 8. What document organizes and setups the jurisdiction of the Virginia courts? VA Constitution 9. Who can issue a search warrant, subpoena, arrest warrant, summons, and set bail? Magistrate

10. Which VA court has original jurisdiction over civil cases involving large dollar amounts? Circuit Court 11. Which VA court has jurisdiction over small dollar civil cases and misdemeanors? General District Court

12. Which VA court has original jurisdiction over felony criminal cases? Circuit Court 13. What VA court hears cases involving minors and family matters? Juvenile & Domestic Relations 14. What court hears appeals from Circuit Court? VA Court of Appeals

15. What is the only court in Virginia that can use a jury 15. What is the only court in Virginia that can use a jury? Circuit Court 16. What is the final court of appeal in Virginia? VA Supreme Court 17. What are the two main types of court cases? Criminal & Civil

18. What type of case settles disagreements between two parties 18. What type of case settles disagreements between two parties? Civil 19. What type of crimes are most speeding tickets and parking violations? Misdemeanors 20. What is the name for serious crimes like murder and armed robbery? Felony

21. What is the plaintiff seeking in a civil case 21. What is the plaintiff seeking in a civil case? Damages & Compensation 22. What are civil cases used to resolve? Disagreements 23. In a civil case what can the plaintiff or defendant do if they do not like the verdict? Appeal

24. What must the police have before they arrest someone in a criminal case? Probable Cause 25. After someone is arrested what are the two options the magistrate has for the accused? Bail or Jail 26. When is probable cause reviewed, an attorney appointed if needed, and a plea entered? Arraignment

27. Put these in the correct order: Bail/Jail, Trial, Plea, Arrest, Verdict? Arrest Bail/Jail Plea Trial Verdict 28. What can the defendant do in a criminal case if they are found guilty? Appeal

29. What's the name of the power of the courts to determine if a law is constitutional? Judicial Review 30. What court case established judicial review? Marbury v. Madison 31. What does Marbury v. Madison say is the supreme law of the land? U.S. Constitution

32. What two documents do state laws have to conform and align with. U 32. What two documents do state laws have to conform and align with? U.S. Constitution & VA Constitution 33. Juveniles who commit serious crimes can be tried as an…. adult 34. (T/F) Judges have more latitude and options when handling juvenile cases. TRUE

35. Most juvenile cases are heard by what court 35. Most juvenile cases are heard by what court? Juvenile & Domestic Relations 36. (T/F) Judges in JDR are more concerned with punishing minors than helping them. FALSE 37. What is the right to be treated fairly by the government called? Due Process

38. What amendment says the national government must treat you fairly and follow its laws? 5th Amendment 39. What amendment says the state governments must treat you fairly and follow their laws? 14th Amendment 40. The Supreme Court says due process applies to the Constitution and the… Bill of Rights