Correlations Among Measures of Dairy Cattle Fertility and Longevity

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Presentation transcript:

Correlations Among Measures of Dairy Cattle Fertility and Longevity

Longevity & Fertility Investigation 1,062,791 cows born 1992-1994 Daughters of 3080 Holstein sires Progeny tested bulls with > 60 daughters Older bulls to provide ties and relationships Compare two measures of longevity Productive Life (max 10 mo / lactation) Lifespan (first calving until death) Develop new fertility evaluation

Longevity Parameter Estimates Multi-trait REML Analysis ProductiveLife Lifespan Heritabilities New Estimates 7.6% 6.7% Official since 1994 8.5% Genetic correlations Lifespan with PL .986 Protein .06 .15 SCS - .31 - .28 Days Open - .59 - .46

Cow Fertility Data Multi-trait REML Analysis First lactation records Days Open (DO) = Calving interval – 280d Limits on DO Lower limit of 50d Upper limit of 250d ‘Sold for reproductive problems’ DO = 250d ‘Sold for other reasons’ DO = 150d (mean) Cows sold for dairy not included

Fertility Parameter Estimates Multi-trait REML Analysis Heritability of DO 3.7% Correlations with DO Phenotypic Genetic Milk .11 .38 Fat .09 .33 Protein .10 .32 SCS .05 .30

Proposed USDA Fertility Evaluation Lactations 1-5 beginning with 1960 Days Open data Reported DO confirmed with next calving Exclude most recent 9 months Reported DO if no next calving Calving interval – 280 days if no reported DO Exclude most recent 18 months Assigned DO = 250 if sold for infertility

Distribution of Days Open Holstein Calvings 1990 - 2001 Cows culled for reproductive reasons ≤ 50 ≥ 250

Holstein Phenotypic Trend Lactation 5th 4th 3rd 2nd 1st

Proposed Evaluation Methods BLUP Animal Model Same programs used for yield, PL, SCS Adjust for heterogeneous variance Parameter estimates used: Heritability = 4% Repeatability = 11% Sire-by-herd interaction = 1%

Evaluation Test Run Holstein data from May 2002 evaluation 36 million lactations 14 million cows Statistics for recent, well-sampled bulls Born 1994 - 1997 Milk REL > 80% (mean = 87%) 4215 Holstein bulls 314 Jersey bulls

Bull Evaluations Holstein Jersey Days Open PTA range -11 to +19 REL mean 59% 57% PTA correlations PL -.46 -.23 SCS .13 -.03 Milk .22 Fat .18 .35 Protein .16 .17

Days Open Trends Phenotypic trend 1960 - 1998 Holstein: +37 days Jersey: +20 days Genetic trend 1960 - 1998 Holstein: +17 days Jersey: +9 days Expected correlated response Milk trend x .38 correlation = +17 days

Reporting of Cow Fertility Add mean (such as SCS, calving difficulty)? Reverse scale so positive is desirable? Possible names and abbreviations PTA DO Days Open PTA DP Date Pregnant or Daughter Pregnancy PTA CF Cow Fertility Report preliminary August 2002 rankings?

Conclusions Date pregnant has low heritability (~4%) but high genetic correlation with Productive Life (>.5) May 2002 test successful, November 2002 official evaluations possible Indirect selection on PL has reduced decline in fertility, but direct selection could increase lifetime profit. Productive Life preferred over Lifespan

Acknowledgments Fertility data for the proposed USDA evaluation were prepared by Ashley Sanders Statistical and graphical analysis of results were provided by Mel Tooker