Vietnam…the beginning

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Presentation transcript:

Vietnam…the beginning The “living room” war

Vietnamese Independence Vietnam = Indochine under French rule (colony) Indochine declares independence 9/1945 = war for 10 years Rebels led by communist Ho Chi Minh Truman’s containment policy = China already “fell”, $2.6 billion aid to France Domino Theory Vietnamese Independence

Rebels win (against France) Peace conference in Geneva, Switzerland Temporary dividing line at 17th parallel between communist North and US backed anti-communist South French troops move to South for withdrawal Elections to be held for a 1956 united Vietnam Geneva Accords

Leaders South = Ngo Dihn Diem North = Ho Chi Minh Very popular Ruthless autocrat Leaders

S. Vietnam’s Diem… Refuses to allow 1956 vote Feared a loss Asks US for military advisors and assistance Eisenhower = 600 advisors in 1960 JFK = 11,000 by 1962 Corrupt and unpopular Against Buddhist majority = self immolation S. Vietnam’s Diem…

Communist fighters Both sides of 17th parallel VietCong (VC) Goal = defeat corrupt Diem VietCong (VC) NFLV (National Front Liberation of Vietnam) Communist fighters

The Assassination of Diem US quickly realizes “truth” about Diem Isn’t helping war effort Isn’t improving lives of people US withdraws support of Diem CIA involvement against Diem begins..Pentagon Papers Diem and brother assassinated 1963 = South Vietnam in shambles, VC recruits rise The Assassination of Diem

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution US ships along coast on N Vietnam for intel purposes August 2, 1964: four NV torpedo boats fire on destroyer USS Maddox = one round hits deck August 4, 1964: Intel suggests NV ships attack USS Maddox and another destroyer August 7 : Congress grants Johnson authority to defend US armed forces and South Vietnam (not a declaration of war, an approval to participate) Now know that no attack occurred on August 4 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Feb 1965: first bombing against N Vietnam = Operation Rolling Thunder Hope that N Vietnam would stop reinforcing VC in South Vietnam Massive destruction didn’t compel VC to quit Bombing campaigns

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