Failure of the GnRH antagonist ganirelix to block the positive feedback effect of exogenous estrogen in normal women  Ioannis E. Messinis, M.D., Ph.D., Polyxeni Vanakara, M.D., Apostolos Zavos, M.D., Christina Verikouki, M.D., Panagiotis Georgoulias, M.D., Konstantinos Dafopoulos, M.D.  Fertility and Sterility  Volume 94, Issue 4, Pages 1554-1556 (September 2010) DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.12.055 Copyright © 2010 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Serum LH, FSH, E2, and P concentrations (mean ± SEM) during the exogenous administration of E2 via skin patches from cycle days 5–8 in eight normally cycling women. Hormonal values are normalized (A) to the onset of estrogen administration and (B) to the onset of the induced LH surge. In cycle 1 (open circles), only E2 was given to the women, and in cycle 2 (solid circles) the women were given E2 plus the GnRH antagonist ganirelix from cycle day 5 to 9 at the daily dose of 0.25 mg SC. Fertility and Sterility 2010 94, 1554-1556DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.12.055) Copyright © 2010 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions