Chapter 10 Elections.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 10 Elections

Elections Allows the mass of people to have a say in the election of leaders (democracy in particular) Allows the state to mobilize the people and build support for the state by participating in the process of government

Elections Way to build support Can provide referendums (way for people to choose directly whether a policy proposal should pass or not --- people decide policy instead of leaders)

Electoral Systems A legal system for making voting and choosing elected officials Two types of electoral systems: Single-Member-District Plurality System (SMDP) Proporational Representation System (PR)

SMDP State divided into districts usually equal in population One representative is elected from each district to be a member of the state’s legislative body Whoever gets a plurality (ie, largest number) of the votes wins the seat A single member is elected just as name indicates

SMDP United States and Canada use modified versions of this These systems tend to be limited to Great Britain and her former colonies

PR System Used by most states The representation of political parties in parliament/legislative body is in proportion to the votes they win If Party A wins 25% of votes, then A gets 25% of seats in the legislative body

Electoral Participation Varies wildly from state to state Some states mandate that electoral participation is required (example: Austria) In United States, voter turnout is higher during Presidential election (2004—about 60%)

Paradox of Voting Idea that for a rational and self-interested voter, the costs of voting will often exceed the expected benefits.