Ground Water Basics continued

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Presentation transcript:

Ground Water Basics continued

Aridic arid climate, usually dry, irrigation required for crop production. Ustic—semiarid climate, rainfall during a growing season. Xeric—semiarid climate, Mediterranean climate, cool, moist winters, dry summers, dryland crop possible from stored soil water. Udic—humid climate, usually moist, generally irrigation not required for crop production. Perudic—precipitation exceeds evapotranspiration in all months, but soil is not saturated for long periods. Aquic—soil saturated long enough to cause anaerobic conditions

Soil Moisture Regimes

Types of Porous Media Isotropic Anisotropic Homogeneous Heterogeneous

Layered media (horizontal conductivity) Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1 Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4 K2 b2 Flow K1 b1

Layered media (vertical conductivity) Q4 R4 Flow Q3 R3 K2 b2 R2 K1 b1 Q2 Controls flow Q1 R1 Q ≈ Q1 ≈ Q2 ≈ Q3 ≈ Q4 The overall resistance is controlled by the largest resistance: The hydraulic resistance is b/K R = R1 + R2 + R3 + R4

Aquifers Lithologic unit or collection of units capable of yielding water to wells Confined aquifer bounded by confining beds Unconfined or water table aquifer bounded by water table Perched aquifers

Transmissivity T = Kb gpd/ft, ft2/d, m2/d

Schematic T2 (or K2) b2 (or h2) i = 2 k2 d2 T1 b1 i = 1 k1 d1

Pumped Aquifer Heads k1 T1 k2 T2 (or K2) b2 (or h2) i = 2 d2 b1 i = 1

Heads h2 - h1 k1 T1 k2 T2 (or K2) b2 (or h2) h2 i = 2 d2 h1 b1 i = 1

Leakance Leakage coefficient, resistance (inverse) From below: From above:

Flows qv h2 h2 - h1 k1 T1 k2 T2 (or K2) b2 (or h2) h1 i = 2 d2 b1

Poisson Equation