Unit 3B – The Executive & Judicial Branches Day 6: Structure of Judiciary & Jurisdiction WARM UP: What experiences (if any) have you or your family had with the court system? Turn in: Today’s Plan: Warm Up Reading activity Discussion/Notes Crossword & Bingo

Unit 3 – Law & Order: Supreme Court & Legal System Day 1: Jurisdiction & the Federal Court System Essential Question: How do courts interpret and apply the constitution? What are the procedures in civil and criminal cases? Objectives: I can explain the role of the Supreme Court I can distinguish between original and appellate jurisdiction

Procedures: Back to Basics First 5 minutes: Get computer, do warm up and set up notebook when you enter class Next 15 minutes: watch the mini-lecture for the day, and to work silently and individually on your study guide. 20 minutes into class, I will check study guides Direct instruction, class discussions, and work time Extra credit: to all students that watch the mini-lecture outside of class and have the study guide out and done at the bell

This Week: Today – Federal Court System TODAY: TUTORING

“Judicial Department in a Flash” Read and annotate the handout ON YOUR OWN: Do page 1 of the worksheet when done. Then proceed to work on your study guide; you may work with a partner on this if you like

Quick Lecture – Federal Judiciary

Jurisdiction Original Jurisdiction Appellate Jurisdiction First court to hear a case Appellate Jurisdiction Court reviews the decision of a lower court

Original v. Apellate Jurisdiction District Courts ORIGINAL Jurisdiction First Federal court to hear a case (it might have already been to a state level court) Trier of facts – all evidence is considered in district courts Appeals Courts Appellate jurisdiction Only reviews cases already decided at district level Constitutional issues: Were the rights of the accused violated by police or the district court? Was the trial fair at the district level? Did the District court properly apply legal precedent?

State v. Federal Jurisdiction Most crimes Most civil cases Constitutional issues Federal law Disputes between states Dispute between citizens from different states Dispute about Federal treaties If the Federal government sues you

The State Courts Most cases are handled by State Courts and never reach the Federal Judiciary

The Federal Courts 3 Types of Federal Courts Supreme Court Federal courts of Appeals Federal District Court See reading for details

United States District Courts Trials in federal district court are usually heard by a judge. Jury trials can also happen in district court Federal Court Jurisdiction: Bank robbery Counterfeiting Mail fraud Kidnapping Civil rights abuses

Circuit Courts of Appeals The side that loses a case in district court may appeal to the federal court of appeals

Circuit Courts of Appeals three appeals court judges sit as a panel to hear cases. 2 of the 3 judges must agree No juries in the court of appeals

Courts of Appeals 3 possible outcomes in the Court of Appeals Uphold the District Court ruling District court was correct. Reverse the District Court ruling District court was wrong about some or all of its ruling Remand to the District Court “re” sends it to the District court with instructions to do it over.

The U.S. Supreme Court Appellate Jurisdiction Original Jurisdiction Cases already argued in the Federal appeals court Some cases appealed directly from district court Cases appealed from Supreme Court of a state if that cse involves Federal law or the constitution Original Jurisdiction Cases involving foreign diplomats Cases involving conflicts between two states

Crossword & Bingo Complete the Crossword Puzzle Create your bingo grid

End of Class Quiz How long do Federal Judges serve in office? What court would have jurisdiction over a murder committed in Raleigh? Most cries are tried in ____________ court.

End of Class Quiz - #1 ___________ is the authority of the Supreme Courts to decide whether acts of Congress and the President are constitutional or not. JUDICIAL REVIEW is the authority of the Supreme Courts to decide whether acts of Congress and the President are constitutional or not.

End of Class Quiz - #2 Supreme Court opinions create ___________, which are legal rulings that guide future courts in deciding cases. Once established, these are rarely changed. Supreme Court opinions create PRECEDENTS, which are legal rulings that guide future courts in deciding cases. Once established, these are rarely changed.

End of Class Quiz - #3 Marbury v. ___________ established the legal precedent of _________________. Marbury v. Madison established the legal precedent of ___Judicial Review_______.

End of Class Quiz - #4 In 1954, the Court ruled in _______________ that segregated schools are unconstitutional. In 1954, the Court ruled in _Brown v. Board_ that segregated schools are unconstitutional.

End of Class Quiz #5 In its Brown v. Board decision, the supreme court overturned the precedent of separate but equal that it had established in the 1896 case ___________________. In its Brown v. Board decision, the supreme court overturned the precedent of separate but equal that it had established in the 1896 case _Plessy v. Fergusson_.

End of Class Quiz #6 Because there are ____ Justices on the Supreme Court, _________ opinions must be supported by at least 5 Justices. Because there are _9_ Justices on the Supreme Court, _Majority_ opinions must be supported by at least 5 Justices.

End of Class Quiz #7 True or false: you can serve on the Supreme Court ONLY if you have graduated from Law School. FALSE

End of Class Quiz #8 A _________ interpretation of the constitution is based on the idea that we should read the Constitution as literally as possible. In other words, if the constitution does not grant a power, we cannot allow government to have it. A _STRICT_ interpretation of the constitution is based on the idea that we should read the Constitution as literally as possible. In other words, if the constitution does not grant a power, we cannot allow government to have it.

End of Class Quiz #9 A _______ interpretation of the constitution is based on the idea that the constitution is a living document. In other words, as times have changed, we must read and interpret the constitution in the context of modern society. A _loose_ interpretation of the constitution is based on the idea that the constitution is a living document. In other words, as times have changed, we must read and interpret the constitution in the context of modern society.