Lecture 09 Understandings of the Global Fisheries Crisis 2nd Nov 2011

Lecture Outlines Impact of climate change on fisheries and fishing communities Biophysical and ecological changes to marine and freshwater environments The socioeconomic context of fisheries, or a direct threat to coastal populations Adaptive capacity of fisherfolk Reinvention of fisheries management Voices from the fishing industry and fisheries scientists

Impact of Climate Change on Fisheries and Fishing Communities Climate change: pathways of impact on ocean, coastal and freshwater ecosystems and on fish populations Climatic change implications for fisheries Climate change implications for fishers, communities, fleets and national economies Vulnerability and resilience of the fisheries sector to climate change impacts

Impact pathways from physical changes in oceans, lakes and rivers to fish and ecosystems ENSO is short for El Niño Southern Oscillation—the technical name for oceanic and atmospheric conditions in the Pacific Ocean, which have a tremendous effect on weather patterns in our hemisphere and around the globe. El Nino: An abnormal warming of surface ocean waters in the eastern tropical Pacific.

Examples of potential impact pathways through which climate change can affect the distribution and production of fish stocks

Vulnerability and resilience of the fisheries sector to climate change impacts

Biophysical & Ecological Changes to Marine & Freshwater Environments Seven of the 10 warmest years have been in the last decade. Warmer winters have been strongly linked to reduced breeding success and survival in some seabird populations. Models predict fewer storms in future but there will be increased numbers of severe storms. Coastal erosion and flooding is expected to increase. Marine climate change is having a significant impact on the marine environment and the goods and services it provides. Recent warmer conditions have led to reduced availability of prey fish for some seabirds. The impacts of climate change on the commercial services provided by our seas will be significant Sea-level rise, coastal flooding, storms and bigger waves will affect ports, shipping and built structures. Fishing and fish farming will be affected by temperature change

The socioeconomic context of fisheries, or a direct threat to coastal populations Coastal Regions: Benefits and Challenges Population Factors' Effects on Coastal Regions Population Density Migration Urbanization Tourism Human Health, Food Security, and Gender Issues Integrated Coastal Management Multiple stakeholders, including representatives from all levels of government, NGOs, indigenous groups, communities, and the private sector; A strong scientific foundation to inform the management process; A formalized mandate and funding mechanisms; Formal decision making that incorporates social, environmental, and economic data; Public participation starting at the initial stages of policy formulation and program development; Capacity building of local experts through training, education, and applied research; 5. Future Steps in Addressing Population Issues in Coastal Regions