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Page 17 Lesson 5 The Source of the Power

L 16 W ARM- U P # 1 Imagine what life would be like IF: There were NO government or laws that regulated the behavior of people? People could do whatever they pleased? Lesson 5: The Source of the Power Thomas Hobbes describe this situation as the state of nature. CHAOS LAW OF THE JUNGLE UNCERTAINBRUTISH

L 16 Why do people come together and form groups or societies? Lesson 5: The Source of the Power W ARM- U P # 2

L EARNING T ARGETS: social contract natural rights popular sovereignty VOCAB Key Vocabulary to add to Flashcard List (1-7) I can explain several common ideas where the power of government came from. I can explain how the social contract works. Lesson 5: The Source of the Power R 17 force theory divine right of kings monarchy absolute monarchy

Attach the Reading on Social Contract Theory & John Locke L 18 Lesson 5: The Source of the Power As you read the handout, CIRCLE any words you dont know, HIGHLIGHT or UNDERLINE important information. Create Margin Questions for your highlighted/underlined items. Social Contract Theory and John Locke Man, in his earliest times, lived in a state of nature or unbridled freedom. The law of the jungle ruled mankind. Each man could do as he pleased and in any manner as he chose, as long as he could physically do it. That which he could take by force was his, and remained his for as long as he could hold it. All men were free in this way. Therefore, each man was only as safe as his own physical prowess and watchfulness could make him. His life in the state of nature was nasty, brutish, and short. According to the social contract theory, men overcame their unpleasant condition by agreeing with one another to form a group and create a community. In other words, individual humans gave up some of their independence and freedom in order to enjoy the benefits of social life. Each person agreed to live within the rules of the social group or community. This was the birth of civil society. The way the civil society maintained order and made decisions is its government. The government and the state became the same thing. By contract, men within a given area joined together, each agreed to give up to the group (state) as much power as was needed to promote the safety and well-being of all. In the contract, the members of the group created a government to exercise the powers which they had voluntarily granted to the state. The social contract theory argues that the state arose out of a voluntary act of free men. It holds that the state exists only to serve the will of the people, that they are the sole source of political power, and that they are free to give or withhold that power as they choose. The form of government did not matter. The concern was how well the government leaders served the people. For their part, individual citizens were expected to follow the rules and limitations established by the group and its government – value law, order, and social stability. They were to do their very best to prosper as individuals so that society as a whole could be improved. They assume their duties and obligations to their society when called upon to do so, such as being soldiers in times of defense and paying taxes to run the government.

Attach the Comprehension Questions on Social Contract Theory & John Locke Lesson 5: The Source of the Power Complete the Comprehension Questions now that you have read and highlighted the material. R 19 Comprehension Questions 1.What was the original condition man lived in? 2.In the state of nature, what is mans main task? 3.What are the benefits of living in a group as opposed to by yourself? 4.What is a contract? 5.The two sides in a social contract are the ___________ and the ___________. 6.What obligations and responsibilities does the individual have to the group and state? 7.What obligations does the state have to the individual? 8.What should happen to people who dont fulfill their obligations? 9.Locke stated all humans had three natural rights, the right to ________, _____________, and ___________________. 10.As part of the social contract, Locke stated that the government was created to _________________________. 11.If government harmed these rights, the people could _______________________________________________.

Comprehension Questions 1.What was the original condition man lived in? 2.In the state of nature, what is mans main task? 3.What are the benefits of living in a group as opposed to by yourself? Lesson 5: The Source of the Power THE STATE OF NATURE UNBRIDLED FREEDOM LIFE WAS NASTY, BRUTISH, AND SHORT TO DO AS HE PLEASED AS LONG AS HE WAS ABLE TO DO IT HELP ONE ANOTHER SAFETY AND SECURITY

Comprehension Questions 4.What is a contract? 5.The two sides in a social contract are the ___________ and the ____________________________. Lesson 5: The Source of the Power AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO OR MORE PARTIES PEOPLE GOVERNMENT

Comprehension Questions 6.What obligations and responsibilities does the individual have to the group and state? 7.What obligations does the state have to the individual? 8.What should happen to people who dont fulfill their obligations? Lesson 5: The Source of the Power FOLLOW THE RULES AND LIMITATIONS OF SOCIETY DO THEIR BEST ASSUME THEIR DUTIES WHEN CALLED UPON SERVE THE WILL OF THE PEOPLE PROMOTE THE INTERESTS OF THE PEOPLE THE GOVERNMENT CAN PUNISH THE PEOPLE

Comprehension Questions 9.Locke stated all humans had three natural rights, the right to ____________, ______________________, and ________________________________. 10.As part of the social contract, Locke stated that the government was created to _______________________. 11.If government harmed these rights, the people could ____________________________________________. Lesson 5: The Source of the Power LIFELIBERTY PROPERTY PROTECT THESE RIGHTS REPLACE OR CHANGE THE GOVERNMENT

Visualizing the Social Contract The Social Contract Government (Kings) Misuse Power Replace or Overthrow it Give Power Protect their Rights People Lesson 5: The Source of the Power L 16

A TTACH THE C LASS N OTES Lesson 5: The Source of the Power R 17

The Source of the Power A.In the past, how did rulers get their power to rule? 1._________ theory – the belief that a small group or a single person took control over an area and the people of the area are forced to submit to that person or groups law 2._______________ of kings – the belief that the right of rule derives (comes) directly from God and not from the consent of the people B.Hobbes, Locke, and others challenged this 1.__________________________ – rulers receive the right to rule from the people, the __________ of the __________ 2.This form of government is called a ____________________ C.What is a social contract? 1.A ___________________________ between people to form a ______________ for the ____________________________ Lesson 5: The Source of the Power FORCE DIVINE RIGHT POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY SOCIAL CONTRACT VOLUNTARY AGREEMENT SOCIETYBENEFITS OF SOCIAL LIFE CONSENTPEOPLE

The Source of the Power D.How does the social contract work? 1.The ____________ a. Give up ______________________________________ b. Agree to live within the ____________________________ c. Do their best to ______________ as individuals d. Assume the _________ and _________________ of society when called upon 2.The _______________________ a. Government had the right _______________ and ________________ with individuals b. When individuals ______________________________ or harmed society, these individuals could be ____________ c. Ruled with the approval of the __________ Lesson 5: The Source of the Power PEOPLE SOME INDEPENDENCE AND FREEDOM PROSPER DUTIESOBLIGATIONS RULES OF THE COMMUNITY GOVERNMENT LIMIT INTERFERE FAILED THEIR OBLIGATIONS PUNISHED PEOPLE

3.Changing the contract a.If the government or leaders failed its duties or became abusive, it could ____________________________ b.This allows the people to __________ and ________ the _________ and ___________ of the government c.Force the leaders to be ___________________________ to the ____________ C.John Lockes Ideas 1.______________ rights a.All people have because they are ____________ b.Include ______ - ___________________________________ __________ - ___________________________________ ____________ - ___________________________________ 2.If a government fails its duty to protect these rights, ____________________________________________ Lesson 5: The Source of the Power REPLACED OR DISBANDED MONITORLIMIT POWERACTIONS DIRECTLY RESPONSIBLE PEOPLE NATURAL HUMAN LIFE LIBERTY PROPERTY PEOPLE HAVE THE RIGHT TO CHANGE IT The PRESENT Choices you make NOW The FUTURE The REST of your life Nickelback Video – Savin Me The PRODUCT The RESULT of your choices and life

V IDEO The Philosophy of Liberty Lesson 5: The Source of the Power

FORCE THEORY the belief that the state started when a person or group claimed control over an area and forced the people within to submit to their rule VOCAB Lesson 5: The Source of the Power

DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS the belief that the right of rule derives (comes) directly from God and not from the consent of the people VOCAB Lesson 5: The Source of the Power

MONARCHY a state ruled or headed by a monarch such as a king or queen VOCAB Lesson 5: The Source of the Power

ABSOLUTE MONARCHY a ruler who governs alone and is not restrained by laws, a constitution, or custom VOCAB Lesson 5: The Source of the Power

NATURAL RIGHTS According to John Locke, all humans possess certain rights, freedoms, and privileges that are a basic part of human nature VOCAB Lesson 5: The Source of the Power includes life, liberty, and property

POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY the people are the source of any and all government power VOCAB Lesson 5: The Source of the Power

SOCIAL CONTRACT An implied agreement among people that results in the organization of society VOCAB individuals surrender liberty in return for protection Lesson 5: The Source of the Power not directly stated FOR EXAMPLE: Parents will take care of their children. Dress code – you will wear clothes.

V OCABULARY A CTIVITY Part 1 Match the terms and the definitions Part 2 Draw a sketch for each vocabulary term Pictionary NO words or numbers Who will be the first to guess? Lesson 5: The Source of the Power

W RAP- U P Why does THIS matter now? U.S. citizens believe the government has authority over us because WE, the citizens, give it power to carry out its desires. L 16 Lesson 5: The Source of the Power