Written by: Kelley Stewart McConathy

Use creative imagination Focus on nature Importance of myth and symbolism Focus on feelings and intuition Freedom and spontaneity Simple language Personal experience, democracy and liberty Fascination with past What Is Romanticism?

Changing political and social conditions Reaction against Industrial Revolution Revolt against Enlightenment and literary styles Working long hours in dangerous factories Development of modern cities Trends

Interest in chaos and nature Changing religious views Rebellion against authority Crime, madness, suicide

Neoclassic Trends Stressed reason and judgment Valued society Followed authority Maintained the aristocracy Interested in science and technology Revolt Against Neoclassicism Romantic Trends Stressed imagination and emotion Valued individuals Strove for freedom Represented common people Interested in supernatural

John Constable: British landscape artist George Walker: English painter Joseph Mallord William Turner: English watercolorist Art Reconceived Constable Turner

Théodore Géricault: French painter Eugène Delacroix: French painter William Blake: poet, painter, engraver, illustrator Art Plumbs Emotional Depths

Conveys freedom and individuality New ways of producing musical instruments Emotionally charged music popular Musical Innovations

Ludwig van Beethoven Frederic Chopin Carl Maria von Weber Music Greats Beethoven Chopin Von Weber

Philosophers valued: –Art –The self –Creativity –Imagination –Jean Jacques Rousseau and Immanuel Kant: examples of such philosophers Philosophers Views Rousseau

Philosophers Views Widen Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling Von Goethe Von Schelling

William Blake William Wordsworth Samuel Taylor Coleridge George Gordon, Lord Byron John Keats Percy Bysshe Shelley Poets of the Romantic Era Blake Coleridge Keats Shelley Wordsworth Byron

Thoughts of British Romantic Poets …I will not reason and compare: my business is to create. William Blake Come forth into the light of things, Let Nature be your teacher. William Wordsworth Examine nature accurately, but write from recollection, and trust more to the imagination than the memory. Samuel Taylor Coleridge Blake Coleridge

Thoughts of British Romantic Poets Those who will not reason, are bigots, those who cannot, are fools, and those who dare not, are slaves. George Gordon, Lord Byron What the imagination seizes as beauty must be truth. John Keats Poetry lifts the veil from the hidden beauty of the world, and makes familiar objects be as if they were not familiar. Percy Bysshe Shelley

Visions of ghostly and angelic figures Possessed mystic gift of vision Born in London November 28, 1757 Educated at home by mother Enrolled in drawing school at age ten William Blake

Blakes Education & Marriage Apprenticed to engraver at 14 Completed apprenticeship at 21 Journeyman copy engraver for London publishers Admitted to the Royal Academy of Arts Schools of Design Married Catherine Boucher

Blake Video single click screen to view video

Blake Unappreciated Lived in poverty Moved to Felpham, Sussex Accused of assault and sedition Final projects included illustrations and/or watercolors for others writings

Blakes Death Suffered from unknown sickness Experienced stomach pain and chills Died on August 12 th, 1827 Buried in unmarked grave

Blakes Works Songs of Innocence Songs of Experience Poetical Sketches The Marriage of Heaven and Hell

The Lamb and The Tyger Most popular poem: The Tyger –Did he who made the Lamb make thee? –What immortal hand or eye,/Dare frame thy fearful symmetry Companion poem to The Lamb –Little Lamb, who made thee?/Dost thou know who made thee? single click speaker to hear audio clip >>>>

William Wordsworth Born in Cockermouth, Cumberland, England Mother died 1778 Attended St. Johns College, Cambridge Had affair with Annette Vallon Vaudracour and Julia for lover and daughter

Losses and Triumphs Married Mary Hutchinson Five children Lived with sister Dorothy Brother John died at sea Lost friendship with Coleridge Two children died Granted honorary Doctor of Civil Law degrees

Wordsworth in Despair Named Poet Laureate Death of third child, Dora Stopped writing poetry Abandoned Romantic beliefs Died in 1850 at Rydal Mount Buried at St. Oswalds Church, Grasmere

Wordsworths Works Lyrical Ballads Tintern Abbey –Wordsworth used real language of men –Definition of poetry: the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings from emotions recollected in tranquility An Evening Walk and Descriptive Sketches

An Evening Walk Video single click screen to view video

Works and Themes Recurring themes in Wordsworths poetry The Prelude Poems in Two Volumes The Lake Poets: Wordsworth, Coleridge, Southey

Tintern Abbey Five years have passed; five summers, with the length Of five long winters! and again I hear These waters, rolling from their mountainsprings With a soft inland murmur. Once again Do I behold these steep and lofty cliffs, Which on a wild secluded scene impress Thoughts of more deep seclusion; and connect The landscape with the quiet of the sky.

Born October 21, 1772 Father was a parish vicar Sent to London boarding school Not allowed to return home for holidays Attended Jesus College at University of Cambridge Won Browne Gold Medal for ode Samuel Coleridge

Coleridges Errors Left college to join 15 th Light Dragoons Reenrolled in college Left without degree Joined poet Robert Southey to build a Pantisocracy Married Sarah Fricker Unitarian minister

Opium, Travel & Transcendentalism Friends with William Wordsworth Started taking opium Granted annuity of 150 pounds to write Traveled to Germany with Wordsworth In Germany: Coleridge studied German and Transcendentalism

Coleridge Opium addiction Lost friendship with Wordsworth Lived with a apothecary for care Died of heart failure

Coleridges Works First publication: Poems on Various Subjects Published Lyrical Ballads Most famous works –The Rime of the Ancient Mariner –Kubla Khan –Biographia Literaria

The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Day after day, day after day, We stuck nor breath nor motion: As idle as a painted ship Upon a painted ocean. Water, water, every where, And all the boards did shrink; Water, water, every where, Nor any drop to drink. The very deep did rot: O Christ! That ever this should be! Yea, slimy things did crawl with legs Upon the slimy sea. single click speaker to hear audio clip >>>>

Parents separated before his birth Born in London Named George Gordon Noel Byron Born with club foot Moved to Aberdeen, Scotland Inherited family title at ten George Gordon, Lord Byron

Byrons Early Years Attended Aberdeen Grammar School, Harrow, and Trinity College, Cambridge Kept a pet bear at Trinity College Fell in love with choirboy John Edleston John Edleston died Byron wrote a series of elegies

Byrons Exploits Defended Roman Catholicism Bragged about sex with women in Italy Rumored incestuous relationship with sister Traveled on customary Grand Tour Made speech at House of Lords

Byrons Exploits Married Anne Isabella Milbanke Divorced Anne Left England forever Befriended Percy Bysshe Shelley Created child in affair Seduced Italian Countess Guiccioli Gave 4,000 pounds to refit Greek fleet

Byrons Death Fell ill; remedy of bleeding caused fever Greek national hero Heart buried under tree Westminster Abbey refused body Monument in Westminster Abbey 145 years post-mortem

Byrons Works Epigraph to a Dog Byrons masterpiece: Don Juan She Walks in Beauty Darkness Childe Harolds Pilgrimage

She Walks in Beauty She walks in beauty like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies; And all thats best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes: Thus mellowed to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies. single click speaker to hear audio clip >>>>

Born in London Four siblings Keats father died Mother remarried two months later Children sent to live with grandmother Mother died of tuberculosis John Keats

Keats Medical Career Apprenticed to apothecary/surgeon Student at Guys Hospital Wrote first poem Became junior house surgeon and dresser Qualified as apothecary Quit medicine

Keats Video single click screen to view video

Writing, Relationships & Illness Published Poems Friend of Percy Bysshe Shelley Brother George left for America Brother Tom died of consumption Fell in love with Fanny Brawne Symptoms of tuberculosis Traveled to warmer climate to recover

Keats Death Died in Rome at 25 Buried in Protestant Cemetery in Rome Tombstone reads: Here lies one whose name was writ in water. Fanny Brawne mourning for years Poetic career lasted 3.5 years

Keats Works Endymion Hyperion Ode on a Grecian Urn Ode to the Nightingale Ode to Autumn The Eve of St. Agnes

Ode to the Nightingale My heart aches, and a drowsy numbness pains My sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk, Or emptied some dull opiate to the drains One minute past, and Lethe-wards had sunk; Tis not through envy of thy happy lot, But being too happy in thine happiness That thou, light-wingèd Dryad of the trees, In some melodious plot Of beechen green, and shadows numberless, Singest of summer in full-throated ease. single click speaker to hear audio clip >>>>

Born near Horsham in Sussex, England Tutored at home Attended Sion House Academy of Brentford Educated at Eton College and University College at Oxford First publication: Zastrozzi Percy Bysshe Shelley

Shelley Video single click screen to view video

Shelleys Exploits Published The Necessity of Atheism Eloped with 16-year-old Harriet Westbrook Daughter named Ianthe Often left wife and child Met Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin single click speaker to hear audio clip >>>>

Shelleys Complicated Life Left pregnant wife for 16- year-old Mary Traveled to Switzerland Claire pregnant with Byrons child Mary Shelley began working on Frankenstein Shelley took Claire and daughter to Venice

Losses and Views Son and daughter died Wrote Adonais upon Keats death Wrote essay on radical political views Essay on vegetarianism Believed in rights of all living things

Shelleys Death Drowned during storm at 29 Possibly assassinated Body washed ashore Wife kept Shelleys heart Shelley cremated on beach Ashes buried in Rome

Shelleys Works Ozymandias Ode to the West Wind The Masque of Anarchy To a Skylark Prometheus Unbound

Ozymandias Video single click screen to view video

Ode to the West Wind O wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumns being, Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing, Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red, Pestilence-stricken multitudes: O thou, Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed The wingèd seeds, where they lie cold and low, Each like a corpse within its grave, until Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow.

Beyond poetry Topics still popular today Lasting impact In Conclusion