1. ROMANTICISM IN THE ENGLISH LITERATURE 1798-1837

2. Romanticism (Romantic Age)
Romanticism began to take root as a movement following the French Revolution (cca. 1793).
The publication of Lyrical Ballads by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge in 1798 is considered the beginning of Romanticism in English literature.

3. Age of Reason vs. Romantic Age
In the Age of Reason, authors proclaimed:
Reason and judgment
Concern with the universal experience
The value of society as a whole
The value of rules
In the Romantic Age , authors proclaimed:
Imagination and emotion
Concern with the particular experience
The value of the individual human being
The value of freedom

4. Romantic poets Passive Romanticists (also called Lake
Poets): William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Robert Southey
Revolutionary Romanticists: George Gordon Byron, Percy Bysshe Shelley and John Keats.

5. William Wordsworth(1770-1850)
- announced the literary ideas of the English Romantic Age (Lyrical Ballads co-authored with Samuel Taylor Coleridge)
poems:
Guilt and Sorrow
The Prelude
I Wandered Lonely as a
Cloud

6. Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834)
- announced the literary ideas of the English Romantic Age (Lyrical Ballads co-authored with William Wordsworth)
poems:
Kubla Khan
The Nightingale:
A Conversation Poem
Frost at Midnight (blank verse)
literary criticism
Biographia Liberaria

7. Robert Southey ( 1774-1843) epic poems: closet drama: Joan of Arc
Madoc
Thalaba the Destroyer
closet drama:
The Fall of Robespierre
*closet drama - a play that is designed mainly to be read but not to be performed on the stage

8. George Gordon Byron (1788-1824)
“He who loves not his country can love nothing.”
poems:
Oriental Tales (cycle)
Hebrew Melodies
(collection of verses)
Child Harold’s Pilgrimage
(novel in verse)
closet drama:
Beppo
Don Juan

9. A Byronic Hero: is a rebel (against convention, society, etc.)
has a distaste for society and social institutions
is isolated from society (a wanderer, an exile)
is not impressed by rank and privilege (though he may possess it)
is capable and proud
has a hidden curse or crime
suffers from titanic passions 
tends to be self-destructive

10. Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822)
poems:
Ode to Liberty
Ode to the West Wind
To Skylark
The Cloud
lyrical dramas:
Prometheus Unbound
Cenci
* ode - a lyrical poem of some length, usually of a serious or meditative nature and having elevated style and formal structure

11. John Keats (1795-1821) On Looking into Chapman’s Homer
poems:
On Looking into Chapman’s
Homer
The Eve of St. Agnes
La Belle Dame sans
Merci

12. Romantic Essayists: Charles Lamb (1775-1834)
William Hazlitt ( )
Thomas de Quincy( )

13. Romantic Novelists: Sir Walter Scott (1771-1882)
Jane Austen ( )
Mary Shelley ( )

14. Sir Walter Scott ( )
Writer and poet, a born storyteller and master of
dialogue, one of the greatest historical novelists.
26 novels, e.g.:
Ivanhoe
Rob Roy
The Antiquary
Quentin Durward
Waterly

15. Jane Austen (1775-1817) novels: Pride and Prejudice
Sense and Sensibility
Mansfield Park
Emma
Persuasion
Northanger Abbey

16. Mary Shelley (1795-1821) Frankenstein
Novelist, short story writer, dramatist and biographer.
gothic novel:
Frankenstein